# Trigonometry For Class 11

Trigonometry is one of the major topics in Maths subject. Trigonometry deals with the measurement of angles and sides of a triangle. Usually, trigonometry logics are considered for the right-angled triangle. Also, its functions are used to find out the length of the arc of a circle, which forms a section in the circle with radius and its center point.

If we break the word trigonometry, ‘Tri’ is a Greek word which means ‘Three’, ‘Gon’ means ‘length’ and ‘metry’ means ‘measurement’. So basically, trigonometry is a study of triangles, which has angles and lengths on its side. Trigonometry basics consist of sine, cosine and tangent functions. Trigonometry for class 11 contains trigonometric identities to solve complex problems in a simpler way.

## Trigonometry Formulas

Here we will discuss trigonometry formulas for class 11 along with trigonometric functions of Sum and Difference of two angles and trigonometric equations.

Starting with the basics of Trigonometry formulas, for a right-angled triangle ABC having an angle $\Theta$, opposite to perpendicular, we can define trigonometric ratios as;

Sin$\Theta$=P/H

Cos$\Theta$=B/H

Tan$\Theta$=P/B

Cot$\Theta$=B/P

Sec$\Theta$=H/B

Cosec$\Theta$=H/P

Where,

P=Perpendicular

B=Base

H=Hypotenuse

## Trigonometry Functions

Trigonometry functions are measured in terms of radian for a circle drawn in XY plane. Radian is nothing but the measure of an angle just like a degree. The difference between the degree and radian is;

Degree:If rotation from the initial side to terminal side is (1/360)th of revolution, then the angle is said to measure 1 degree.

1 degree=60minutes

1 minute=60 second

Radian: If an angle is subtended at the center by an arc of length ‘l’ and then the angle is measured as radian. Suppose $\Theta$ is the angle formed at the center, then,

$\Theta$=length of the arc/radius of the circle.

$\Theta$=l/r

Or

Where π = 22/7

### Table for Degree and Radian relation

 Degree 300 450 600 900 1800 2700 3600 Radian π/6 π/4 π/3 π/2 π 3π/2 2π

Earlier we have discussed of trigonometric ratios for a degree, here we will write the table in terms of radians.

### Trigonometry Table

 Angle 00 π/6 π/4 π/3 π/2 π 3π/2 2π Sin$\angle$A 0 1/2 $1/\sqrt{2}$ $\sqrt{3}/2$ 1 0 -1 0 Cos$\angle$A 1 $\sqrt{3}/2$ $1/\sqrt{2}$ 1/2 0 -1 0 1 Tan$\angle$A 0 1/$\sqrt{3}$ 1 $\sqrt{3}$ Undefined 0 Undefined 0

### Sign of Trigonometric Functions

Sin(-$\Theta$)=-Sin$\Theta$

Cos(-$\Theta$)=Cos$\Theta$

Tan(-$\Theta$)=-Tan$\Theta$

Cot(-$\Theta$)=-Cot$\Theta$

Sec(-$\Theta$)=Sec$\Theta$

Cosec(-$\Theta$)=-Cosec$\Theta$

### Trigonometric Functions of Sum and Product of two angles

(I)

sin (x+y)=sin x cos y + cos x siny

sin (x-y)= sin x cos y – cos x sin y

cos (x+y)=cos x cos y – sin x sin y

cos (x-y)= cos x cos y + sin x sin y

sin (π/2 – x)= cos x

cos (π/2 – x)= sin x

(II)

tan (x+y)= $\frac{tan x +tan y}{1-tan x tan y}$

tan (x-y)=$\frac{tan x -tan y}{1+tan x tan y}$

cot (x+y)=$\frac{cot x cot y-1}{cot y+cot x}$

cot(x-y)=$\frac{cot x cot y+1}{cot y-cot x}$

(III)

cos 2x = cos2 x-sin2 x = 2cos2 x-1 = 1-2sin2 x =1-tan2 x/1+tan2 x

Sin 2x= 2sin x cos x= 2tan x/ 1+ tan2 x

Tan 2x=2 tan x/1-tan2 x

(IV)

sin3x= 3 sin x – 4 sin3 x

cos 3x= 4 cos3x – 3 coz x

tan 3x= 3tan x-tan3 x/1-3 tan2 x

(V)

cos x + cos y= $2 cos (\frac{x+y}{2}) cos (\frac{x-y}{2})$

cos x – cos y= $-2 sin (\frac{x+y}{2}) sin (\frac{x-y}{2})$

sin x + sin y = $2 sin (\frac{x+y}{2}) cos (\frac{x-y}{2})$

sin x – sin y = $2 cos (\frac{x+y}{2}) sin (\frac{x-y}{2})$

(VI)

2 cos x cos y = cos (x+y) + cos (x-y)

2 sin x sin y = cos (x-y) – cos (x+y)

2 sin x cos y= sin (x+y) + sin (x-y)

2 cos x sin y = sin (x+y) – sin (x-y)

To solve the trigonometric questions for class 11, all these functions and formulas are used accordingly. By practicing those questions, you can memorize the formulas as well.

Example: Prove that

$\frac{sin(x+y)}{sin(x-y)}$=$\frac{tan x + tan y}{tan x – tan y}$

LHS=$\frac{sin(x+y)}{sin(x-y)}$
=$\frac{sin x cos y + cos x + sin y}{sin x cos y- cos x sin y}$
=$\frac{tan x + tan y}{tan x – tan y}$ ———–Proved.