Science had two facets, basically, i.e., general or basic science and application of sciences. Basic sciences help to develop the scientific knowledge, attitude and understanding, while applied sciences help in your progress. From ancient times, Indian Scientists have been working towards the development of both the scientific approaches of life. RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 18 Indian Scientists: Biography And Achievements Solutions discuss the concepts related to the biography and achievements of Indian scientists. It is the most useful resource that can help the students to get a strong grasp of the chapter. Students who solve these solutions for practice can easily revise the complete chapter thoroughly. Answering these questions from the RBSE Class 10 Solutions for Chapter 18 Science enables the students to understand all the major topics properly from the chapter.
Students are advised to solve and practice these chapter wise important questions from the RBSE Class 10 Science so that they can prepare most competently for the Class 10 board exams. Here, we have listed the important questions from Chapter 18, Indian Scientists: Biography and Achievements of RBSE Class 10 Science Textbook. Solving these questions helps students to score high marks. Students will also be able to get a proper foundation of the subject before moving on to higher classes, thus helping them to do well for the academic year.
Rajasthan Board Class 10 Science Chapter 18- BYJU’S Important Questions & Answers
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 18 Objective Questions-Important Questions and Solutions
1. For which branch of Engineering Dr. A. P. J. Adbul Kalam studied at Madras Institute of Technology?
(a) Computer
(b) Aeronautical
(c) Electrical
(d) Electronic
Answer: (b) Aeronautical Engineering
2. In which year did Sir C. V. Raman get the Nobel Prize?
(a) 1928
(b) 1930
(c) 1932
(d) 1934
Answer: (b) 1930
3. Who is an ornithologist?
(a) Dr. Panchanan Maheshwari
(b) Meghnad Saha
(c) Dr. Prafullachandra Ray
(d) Dr. Salim Ali
Answer: (d) Dr. Salim Ali
4. Where is Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) located?
(a) Chennai
(b) Delhi
(c) Kolkata
(d) Mumbai
Answer: (d) Mumbai
5.Charak Samhita was written in which language?
(a) Hindi
(b) Persian
(c) Sanskrit
(d) Urdu
Answer: (c) Sanskrit
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 18 Very Short Answer Questions-Important Questions and Solutions
1. Dr. Bhabha identified which particle in the cosmic rays?
Answer: Dr. Bhabha discovered the nuclear particles that later came to be known as Mesons.
2. Sushrut was descendent of which sage?
Answer: Sushrut was a descendent of Sage Vishwamitra.
3. According to Charak, what causes genetic defects?
Answer: According to charak, children suffer from genetic defects such as blindness or lameness as a result of some deficiency or defect in a child’s mother or father.
4. First appointment of Dr. C.V.Raman was on which post?
Answer: He first joined as the Deputy Auditor General in Government of India, after passing the government competitive exam of economics, at the age of 19.
5. Which reactors were established under the guidance of Dr. Bhabha?
Answer: The reactors established under the guidance of Dr. Bhabha are Apsara, Circus and Zerlina.
6. Which scientist was instrumental in the establishment of Keoladeo National Park (Keoladeo Bird Sanctuary)?
Answer: Dr Salim Ali was instrumental in establishing the Keoladeo National Park also known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary.
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 18 Short Answer Questions-Important Questions and Solutions
7. What is the contribution of Dr. Kalam in defense and space research?
Answer: After studying aeronautical engineering, Dr. Kalam joined as the Senior Scientist in the Hovercraft project under the Defense Research and Developmental Organisation in 1958. Later, in 1962 he was sent to Indian Space Research Organisation, as a result of his dedication and hard work. He took training to launch rockets from NASA and the first rocket ‘Nike Apache’ was launched by India from Thumba. He was then appointed project director of SLV project and SLV III successfully deployed “Rohini Satellite” into Orbit. He was also appointed the Chief Executive of Integrated Guided Missive Development Programme (IGMDP) in 1983. He further played a very important role in the development and the launch of “Prithvi”, “Agni”, “Trishul”, “Nag” and “Aakash” missiles. He had also assumed the role of the chief project coordinator for the Pokhran-II nuclear test in 1998. He was called the missile man for his important contribution to the development of India.
8. What is the Raman effect? What is its importance?
Answer: In 1930, C.V Raman got the nobel prize for his famous discovery of Raman effect, also known as Raman Scattering. The inelastic scattering of a photon by the molecules that are excited to a higher vibrational or rotational energy levels is called Raman effect. One important information about the discovery is that C.V Raman and K.S. Krishnan, his student, used very few and cheap equipment costing around 200 rupees for the experiments.
9. What is the contribution of Dr. Panchanan Maheshwari in Botany?
Answer: Dr Panchan Maheshwari contributed towards research in plant embryology. He developed a new branch by mixing embryology with tissue culture. He also developed the technique to provide artificial nutrition to various parts of the flower for their development. He had a vast number of students across America, Argentina, Australia and other countries. He also represented India in many of the International conferences in Botany. He developed a centre for tissue culture and embryology He was also elected the Fellow of Royal Society (FRS) in 1965, in honour of his contributions.
10. Match the following:
| Bird Man of India | Sushrut |
| Missile Man | Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam |
| Father of Plastic Surgery | Dr. Bhabha |
| Father of Indian Nuclear Science | Dr. Salim Ali |
Answer:
| Bird Man of India | Dr. Salim Ali |
| Missile Man | Dr.A.P.J. Abdul Kalam |
| Father of Plastic Surgery | Sushrut |
| Father of Indian Nuclear Science | Dr. Bhabha |
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 18 Essay Questions-Important Questions and Solutions
11. Describe the history of Sushrut and his contribution in Science.
Answer: Born in 600 BC, Sushruta who is known as the father of plastic surgery got the basic training in medicines at ashram of Dhanwantari. He was the pioneer in knowledge of surgery and spread it to the world. He has elaborated about surgery in great detail in ‘Sushruta Samhita’ his book. He proposed the deficiency syndrome and also practised heating the surgical instruments so as to properly sterilize them before surgery. He wrote many books that mention plastic surgery of nose, ears, lips and so on. He provided knowledge about 101 instruments for surgery, some of which was similar to the earlier version of spring forceps or cutter or forceps for bandage and more. He was also known for his ideas for cleaning procedures of the operation area.
12. Discuss the life history of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and his contribution in Science.
Answer: Born on 15 October 1931, Dr. Abul Pakir Jainulabdin Abdul Kalam obtained his primary education at Rameshwaram. He later moved to Schwartz Higher Secondary School in the neighbouring Ramanathapuram in order to study science. He went on to study Aeronautical Engineering at Madras University of Technology. Dr. Kalam after studies joined the Defense Research and Development Organisation as the senior scientists to work on the hovercraft project. Then, in 1962, he was sent to the Indian Space Research Organisation to work on several projects. He had to take over responsibility for the SLV project and SLV-3 was successfully launched following that. Finally, he was handed the responsibility of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) which enabled India to successfully test fire missiles such as Prithvi, Agni, Trishul, Nag and Akash. He also assumed the role of chief project coordinator for the Pokhran-II nuclear test in 1998. He was called the missile man for his important contribution to the development of India. He was soon elected to the highest constitutional post and assumed the title of President of India from 2002-2007. He was awarded with Padma Bhushan, Padma Vibhushan and Bharat Ratna. Dr, APJ Kalam died of cardiac arrest in 2015 amidst his lecture at IIM, Shilong.
13. Discuss the life history of Sir. C.V. Raman and his contribution in Science.
Answer: Dr. C.V. Raman or Chandrashekhar Venkat Raman, born on 7 November 1888 in Tamil Nadu cleared M. Sc. (Physics) in 1907 at the age of 19. He began his career as the Deputy Accountant General under the government of India. He further gave up his job as an accountant in order to devote time to science and then went on to join as the Professor of Physics at the Calcutta University. While he was the professor at the University, Raman discovered the famous Raman Effect in 1929. He was honoured with the nobel prize for this discovery in 1930. Also, termed the Raman dispersion of scattering, the Raman effect was an important discovery. Additionally, he conducted valuable research on magnetism, X-rays, structure of matter, colour and sound. He expired on 20 November 1970. Learn more about C.V. Raman from here.
14. Discuss the life history of Dr. Salim Ali and his contribution in Science.
Answer: Born in a sulemani muslim family on 12 November 1869, Dr. Salim Ali , the Indian Ornithologist and Naturalist is also referred to as the Birdman of India. He has systematically conducted surveys on all birds around India. He also wrote a lot of books, popularising ornithology in India. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1976 and he was the person behind the Natural History Society. He also established the Keoladeo National Park also known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary. He also worked hard to stop the construction of a dam that was a threat to the Silent National Valley Park. Aligarh Muslim University in 1958, Delhi University in 1973 and the Andhra University in 1978 awarded him the honorary doctorate. He died at the age of 91, in 1987, after a prolonged cancer of prostate. The Government of India, in the meanwhile set up the Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History in 1990.
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 18 Additional Questions-Important Questions and Solutions
15. Name the guru of Sushruta and what was the book written by him?
Answer: Sushruta was the disciple of Guru Dhanwantari and Sushruta Samhita is the book written by him.
16. Name the Father of Indian Nuclear Programme.
Answer: Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha is the Father of Indian Nuclear Programme.
17. Write about Praful Chandra Ray and his contribution to Science.
Answer: Born in Raruli, Katipara village of Khulana District on 2 August 1861, Dr. Prafulla Chandra Ray had his education in the village. Once, his father was transferred to Calcutta, he was admitted to the renowned hare school of Calcutta. Even though he had to return to the village due to some illness, he continued his studies at the Albert School, Calcutta. It was 1879, when he cleared his entrance exams for admission to the metropolitan school. But, since there were no science classes at Metropolitan he went to Presidency college for Science and Lab, as an external student. In 1982, he was awarded the Gilchrist Prize scholarship in an all India competitive exam. He did his BSc and DSc from the Edinborough University, Britain. He was elected the vice president of Edinborough University Chemical Society in 1988. Then, after returning to India, he became the temporary Assistant Professor in Chemistry, at the Presidency college. He saw that many British Teachers with lesser qualifications than him were given higher posts and salaries. When he voiced his opinion against this, the director asked him satirically to start his own business. Dr, Prafulla Chandra Ray, took this seriously and in 1892, he started the Bengal Chemical Works with a meagre sum of 800 rupees. This first pharmaceutical company of India, soon became a big business. Dr Prafulla Chandra Ray died at the age of 83 on 19 June 1944.
18. What are the contributions of Charak to Science?
Answer: Charak was the great acharya or professor of Ayurveda form of medical sciences. He was the first doctor to give the concept of digestion, metabolism and body immunity. As per him, the three main defects in the functioning of the human body includes Pitt, Vaat and Kaf. Imbalance of these three could cause various diseases. Some 200 Before Christ, he wrote one of the ancient surviving book on ancient medicine, the Charak Samhita. He also discussed the principles of Charak.
19. How did Acharya Charak get his name?
Answer: Charak in Sanskrit means to walk. Acharya Charak was accustomed to walking a lot in order to cure common people who were ailing from various ailments and also to educate them. Therefore, he came to be known as Charak.
20. What were Charak’s directives to doctors and medical students?
Answer: As per Charak, doctors should not keep any enmity with any patient in any case. He also believed that people belonging to the medical profession should withhold the information of a patient from the others. Doctors should be always ready to learn and acquire new knowledge.
21. When does India celebrate Science Day and Why?
Answer: India celebrates Science Day on 28 February in honour of C.V. Raman.
22. What were the main topics of research by Dr. Bhabha?
Answer: Dr. Bhabha’s main topics of research were cosmic rays and nuclear energy.
23. How was the Atomic Energy Establishment Trombay named after Bhabha and why?
Answer: After the death of Homi Bhabha, in 1977, the AEET (Atomic Energy Establishment Trombay) was named in the honour of Baba for his contribution to nuclear energy in India. AEET was named Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).
24. Name the autobiography of Dr. Salim Ali
Answer: ‘The fall of a sparrow’ is an autobiography of Dr. Salim Ali.
25. Who was instrumental in the establishment of Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR)?
Answer: Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha with the help of Dorabji Tata was instrumental in the establishment of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in 1945.
The best resource that the students can find to prepare most effectively for the board exam is the RBSE Solutions for Class 10 of subjects such as Maths, Science and Social Science. Students can also reach out to BYJU’S for more resources and information regarding the state board exams.
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