Have you ever wondered how automated cars or vehicles move so accurately and efficiently?
The programs that run these vehicles use sensor data and apply those values into kinematic equations. By analysing these results and outside parameters, it can quickly plot and predict any movements at any time.
Kinematics examples in real life are literally infinite.
Fundamentally, wherever there is motion around us, there is always the magic of kinematics. Everything that involves motion can be explained and broken down by the principles and equations of kinematics.
Kinematics is the branch of classical physics that deals with the motion of objects. It does not take account of forces involved in the motion. It is very useful for stripping down the motion of an object into its various components, such as rotational motion and translational motion. Even though it is directly connected to dynamics, it has enough attributes to stand on its own.
Kinematics has five fundamental concepts- Position, Displacement, Velocity, Speed and acceleration.
Kinematics Basics
Kinematics is used to find the velocity, acceleration and physical location of bodies or systems. In kinematics, forces do not have much prominence; therefore, they are disregarded.
Position
The position is the location where an object is placed or moved. It is generally noted in the form of coordinate points x, y, z or p, q, r. A change in position is called displacement. It is noted as Δx, Δy, Δz or Δp, Δq, Δr. Meter is the measuring unit of displacement.
Velocity
Velocity is the speed of an object or a system in a specified direction. It is generally measured in m/s or meter per second. In other words, the rate of change of displacement is called velocity. When velocity is uniform, it is represented by the equation v=Δx/Δt.
Acceleration
Acceleration is the amount of change of velocity with respect to time. It is always measured in m/s2 or meter per second squared.
When acceleration is uniform, it can be represented by the equation a=Δv/Δt.
Kinematic Equations
A video about laws of motion
Kinematics Examples
Horizontal Motion:
It is defined as motion in a horizontal plane.
The motion of bikes, cars, or other vehicles on roads is the best example of horizontal motion.
Vertical Motion:
It is defined as motion in a vertical plane.
The motion of free-falling objects is the best example of vertical motion. Here acceleration is always 9.8 m/s2.
Projectile Motion:
It is a type of motion where an object is projected close to the surface of the Earth and moves in a curved path, most probably in a parabolic trajectory. This motion is a combination of both horizontal and vertical motion. However, they are both independent of each other. Each component is calculated separately. Motion in shooting and throwing are the best examples of projectile motion.
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Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
What is Kinematics?
Kinematics is the branch of classical physics that deals with the motion of objects. It does not take account of forces involved in the motion. Using kinematics, we can easily predict an object’s position, velocity, and acceleration.
What are the kinematic equations of motion?
What is a projectile motion?
Projectile motion is a type of motion where an object is projected close to the surface of the Earth, and moves in a curved path, most probably in a parabolic trajectory.
What are the examples of projectile motion?
Shooting a cannon, flying balls in any sport, sneezing, javelin throw, hammer throw, moving arrows, movement in the high jump and long jump, etc., are a few visible examples of projectile motion.
What is the difference between kinematics and dynamics in physics?
Kinematics is the branch of classical mechanics that examines and predicts motion without regarding causes of motion(force). On the other hand, dynamics is the branch of classical mechanics that deals with the causes of motion(forces).
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