Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the learning of composition and synthesis of organic chemical compounds. Organic compounds refer to the compounds which contain carbon in their composition. Let us learn to determine the boiling point of organic compounds like Benzene and Benzaldehyde.
Aim:
To determine the boiling point of organic compounds like Benzene and Benzaldehyde.
Materials Required:
Benzene, Benzaldehyde, the aluminium block, fusion tube, stand with clamp, capillary tube, tripod, thermometer, and kerosene burner
Experimental setup:
| Also Read: Determination Of Boiling Point Of An Organic Compound Viva Questions |
Procedure to determine the boiling point of Benzene:
- Take a capillary tube and close its one end by holding the end in the flame and rotate it for 2-3 minutes.
- Transfer a few mL of benzene to the fusion tube.
- Dip the capillary tube into the liquid in the fusion tube keeping the sealed end up.
- Insert the tube in one of the holes of aluminium block and insert the thermometer in the other hole.
- Make sure that the liquid is visible in the fusion tube after it is put in the hole.
- Place the Aluminium block on the tripod.
- Start heating the block with the help of a kerosene burner.
- Note down the temperature soon as the regular streams of bubbles are seen out of liquid in the fusion tube.
Procedure to determine the boiling point of Benzaldehyde:
- Close one end of the capillary tube by holding one end in the flame and rotate it for 2-3 minutes.
- Transfer a few drops of benzaldehyde to the fusion tube.
- Dip the capillary tube into the Benzaldehyde liquid filled in the fusion tube keeping the sealed end up.
- Insert the thermometer into one hole of the aluminium block and insert the tube in one of the holes.
- Make sure that the Benzaldehyde liquid is visible in the fusion tube after it is put in the hole.
- Place the Aluminium block on the tripod and begin heating the block with the help of a kerosene burner.
- Note down the temperature soon as the regular streams of bubbles are seen out of liquid in the fusion tube.
Precautions to be taken during the experiment:
- Ensure that the capillary tube is properly sealed.
- The seal point of the capillary tube should be well within the liquid.
Observation
Temperature observation of Benzene
| Temperature t1 | |
| Temperature t2 | |
| The Boiling point of Benzene (t1 + t2 / 2 ) |
Temperature observation of Benzaldehyde
| Temperature t1 | |
| Temperature t2 | |
| The boiling point of Benzaldehyde (t1 + t2 / 2 ) |
Viva Voice:
1. What is the boiling point of water?
The boiling point of water = 100°C.
2. What is the boiling point of benzene?
The boiling point of benzene is 78°C.
3. What is the boiling point of Benzaldehyde?
The boiling point of Benzaldehyde is 178°C.
4. Why do Carboxylic acids have a higher boiling point than hydrocarbons?
Carboxylic acids have the capability of forming hydrogen bonding and these bonds stabilize the molecule, enabling the organic chain to form additional bonds by dispersion forces.
5. What is the boiling point of water in hilly regions?
It is less than 100°C.
