Aldehyde, ketones, and carboxylic acid possess a carbonyl (C=O) group and are referred to as carbonyl compounds. Aldehyde possesses a carbonyl group bonded to one hydrogen atom and one alkyl group. In contrast, ketone has a carbonyl group bonded to two alkyl groups. It can be identical or different. At the same time, carboxylic acid has a carbonyl group bonded to one hydroxyl group and one alkyl group. It is represented by the molecular formula RCHO, R (CO) R and RCOOH, respectively.
Download Class 12 Chemistry Worksheet on Chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids PDF – Set 2
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids Worksheet – Set 2
Q1. Fehling solution test is used in the determination of
(a) Ketonic group
(b) Alcoholic group
(c ) Aldehydic group
(d) All of the above
Q2. Name a reagent that can be used to test acetaldehyde and acetone.
(a) Grignard reagent
(b) Tollen’s reagent
(c ) Fehling’s solution
(d) All of the above
Q3. An aldehyde on oxidation gives
(a) An alcohol
(b) A ketone
(c ) A carboxylic acid
(d) None of the above
Q4. A ketone on reduction gives
(a) Primary alcohol
(b) Secondary alcohol
(c ) Tertiary alcohol
(d) None of the above
Q5. Which of the following compound can be oxidised to prepare ethyl methyl ketone?
(a) Tertiary butyl alcohol
(b) Butanal
(c ) Ethoxy methane
(d) None of the above
Q6. Deduce the structure of 3-oxo pentanal.
Q7. What is the IUPAC name of C6H5 – CH = CH – CHO.
Q8. How will you distinguish between benzoic acid and ethyl benzoate?
Q9. Why do carboxylic acids not give distinctive reactions to the carbonyl group?
Q10. Why is propanal more reactive than propanone in nucleophilic addition reactions?
Q11. How will you distinguish between pentan-2-one and pentan-3-one?
Q12. Why is carboxylic acid has a higher boiling point than aldehyde, ketone and alcohol?
Q13. What is etard reaction?
Q14. Why is 4-nitrobenzoic acid more acidic than benzoic acid?
Q15. Why is acetaldehyde more reactive than methoxy methane towards hydrogen cyanide?
Q16. Draw the structure of the semicarbazone of ethanal.
Q17. Molecules A and B are the two functional isomers of compound C3H6O. On heating with sodium hydroxide and iodine, isomer B forms a yellow iodoform precipitate, whereas isomer A does not form any yellow iodoform precipitate. Write the chemical formulae of molecules A and B.
Q18. How will you distinguish between benzaldehyde and benzoic acid?
Q19. Why electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid occurs at the meta position?
Q20. (a) Write down functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular formula C3H6O.
(b) Which isomer of C3H6O will give a fast reaction with HCN? Give a reason for your answer.
(c ) What will affect the product’s concentration if a potent acid is added to the reaction mixture?
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