The flip-flops are basically the circuits that maintain a certain state unless and until directed by the input for changing that state. We can construct a basic flip-flop using four-NOR and four-NAND gates.
In this article, we will take a look at the Flip-Flops and their Types according to the GATE Syllabus for CSE (Computer Science Engineering). Read ahead to learn more.
Table of Contents
- What are Flip-Flops
- Types of Flip-Flops
- Conversion for Flip-Flops
- Converting Flip-Flops
- Applications of Flip-Flops
- Practice Questions on Sequential Circuits
- FAQs
What are Flip-Flops?
The flip-flops are basically the circuits that maintain a certain state unless and until directed by the input for changing that state. We can construct a basic flip-flop using four-NOR and four-NAND gates.
Types of Flip-Flops
The flip-flops are of the following types:
1. S-R Flip Flop
2. J-K Flip Flop
3. T Flip Flop
4. D Flip Flop
Below, you can find the logic diagrams along with the truth tables of all the various types of flip-flops:
S-R Flip Flop
J-K Flip Flop
T Flip Flop
D Flip Flop
Conversion for Flip-Flops
Converting Flip-Flops
Here we will discuss the steps that one must use to convert one given flip-flop to another one. Let us assume that we have the required flip-flops that are to be constructed using the sub-flip-flops:
1. Drawing of the truth of the required flip-flop.
2. Writing of the corresponding outputs of those sub-flip-flops that are to be used from the given excitation table.
3. Drawing of the K-Maps using the required inputs of the flip-flops and then obtaining the excitation functions for the inputs of the sub-flip-flops.
4. Construction of the logic diagram in accordance with the functions that we have obtained.
i) Conversion of SR to JK Flip-Flop
Excitation Functions
ii) Conversion of SR to D FlipFlop
Excitation Functions
R = D‘
S = D
Applications of Flip-Flops
In this article, we have summed up the different types of flip-flops that we use in digital electronic circuits. You can find the various applications of the flip-flops below:
- Frequency dividers
- Counters
- Storage registers
- Shift registers
- Data storage
- Bounce elimination switch
- Latch
- Data transfer
- Memory
- Registers
Practice Questions on Flip-Flops
1. We can construct a basic S-R flip-flop by cross-coupling which of these basic logic gates?
A. OR or AND gates
B. XNOR or XOR gates
C. NAND or NOR gates
D. NOR or AND gates
Answer – C. NAND or NOR gates
2. The sequential circuits are of how many types?
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
Answer – D. 2
3. Which of these operations are faster as compared to the other options?
A. Sequential Circuits
B. Combinational Circuits
C. Flip-flops
D. Latches
Answer: B. Combinational Circuits
4. The sequential circuits are also known as:
A. Latch
B. Flip-flop
C. Adder
D. Strobe
Answer – A. Latch
Frequently Asked Questions
How many flip-flop types are there? What are they?
There are four basic types of flip-flops. They are:
- Latch or Set-Reset (SR) flip-flop
- JK flip-flop
- T (Toggle) flip-flop
- D (Delay or Data) flip-flop
Is SR flip-flop and RS flip-flop the very same?
Theoretically, the RS and SR flip-flops are the same. Whenever both inputs of S & R are fairly high, the output happens to be indeterminate. In PLC, as well as other programming environments, we need to allocate determinate outputs to all of the conditions of a flip-flop. Thus, the SR and the RS flip-flops are designed.
Why is the NAND gate used in a flip-flop?
The word flip-flop means that we can easily “FLIP” it either into a given logic state or “FLOP” it back into another one. We use the basic RS Flip Flop NAND gate circuit to store the information, and thus, it supplies feedback from both the outputs back to the inputs.
What is the primary difference between the SR latch and the SR flip-flop?
The primary difference between a flip-flop and a latch is a clocking or gating mechanism. A flip flop is synchronous and known as a gated or clocked SR latch.
What is a clock in a flip-flop?
The clock pulses in flip-flops refer to the time-varying voltage signal that is applied so as to control the operation (or triggering) of a flip-flop. For example, if we have a clock pulse with a 1 Hz frequency, the voltage that it would supply would oscillate between A and B Volts (A and B refer to any DC voltages), and this type of change appears every half of a second.
Keep learning and stay tuned to get the latest updates on GATE Exam along with GATE Eligibility Criteria, GATE 2023, GATE Admit Card, GATE Syllabus, GATE Previous Year Question Paper, and more.
Also Explore,
- Combinational Circuits
- Boolean Algebra
- Laws of Boolean Algebra
- Introduction of K-Map (Karnaugh Map)
- Various Implicants in K-Map
- Representation of Boolean Functions
- Combinational and sequential circuits
- The Base of Number System
- Conversion to Base 10
- Number System Notes
- Decimal to Binary Conversion
- Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion
- Decimal to Octal Conversion
- Minimization of Boolean Functions
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