Reddmatter [UPSC Notes]

Scientists have discovered a superconducting material called reddmatter which can transmit electricity without resistance and can work at low temperatures and low pressure.

Know more about reddmatter- a new superconductor material, which is an important topic for the IAS exam

Reddmatter- Significance of Discovery:

• Superconductors are materials that can conduct electricity without resistance but require very low temperatures of minus 320 degrees Fahrenheit and extreme pressure to work. 
• But reddmaterial superconductor is said to be able to work at room temperature and low pressure when compared to earlier versions.
• The applications of new superconductors can be used in the efficient transmission of power, high-speed trains, nuclear fusion and long-lasting batteries.
• The new superconductor was made by mixing lutetium, which is a rare earth metal with hydrogen and nitrogen which was then exposed to high temperatures for two to three days.
• Thus the newly discovered superconductor can work in ambient conditions and doesn’t require an expensive cooling system.
• The scientists opine that the discovery of a new superconductor has paved the way for a new era for the practical use of superconductors.
• According to the scientist Ranga Dias, who led the breakthrough work, important applications of this discovery include transmission of power without loss in the power grid, cheaper magnets for use in nuclear fusion, magnetic levitation of trains, medical imaging and complete change in the way electricity is stored and transferred. 
• The scientist also briefed the Meissner effect which explains the expulsion of the magnet by a superconducting material which leads to the levitation of the magnet.

Why name Reddmatter?

• The superconducting material got its name after it was observed to change its colour from blue to pink to red as it got compressed in a device called Diamond Anvil Cell or DAC.
• Scientists use the device Diamond Anvil Cell or DAC to test potential superconducting materials under different pressures, while also controlling the temperature with a laser.
• Scientists highlighted the significance that new discovery makes superconductivity commercially viable and accessible.
• They also noted that with the new discovery, current electronic devices such as mobiles and laptops will require less electricity and will have longer battery life as there will be no loss of energy in the form of heat. It can also be utilized in electric cars also.
• This new discovery also aids climate change mitigation initiatives by way of efficiency and minimised carbon emissions.

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