Why the US Wants to Rejoin UNESCO [UPSC Current Affairs]

The United States’ decision to rejoin the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) after a four-year hiatus has garnered attention worldwide. This move holds significant implications for international cooperation and cultural causes. This topic is hence very important for the IAS exam IR segment.

Why did the US Quit UNESCO?

• Palestinian Membership: The US’s decision to leave UNESCO traces back to 2011 when Palestine was inducted as a member. In response, the US halted its funding to UNESCO, which amounted to millions of dollars during President Barack Obama’s tenure.
• Israeli Objections and Anti-Israel Bias: Israel, alongside the US, opposed the inclusion of Palestine, citing concerns over anti-Israel bias within UNESCO. 
  • Israel highlighted UNESCO’s criticism of Israel’s occupation of East Jerusalem and the recognition of ancient Jewish sites as Palestinian heritage sites.
• Legal Restrictions and Funding Suspension: US laws, influenced by historical ties with Israel, prohibit funding to any UN agency that implies recognition of Palestinian statehood. 
  • Due to these legal restrictions, the US ceased funding UNESCO, leading to a significant accumulation of unpaid dues.

Also read: Israel – Palestine Conflict

Why is the US Rejoining UNESCO?

• Addressing Concerns and China’s Influence: US officials stated that the decision to rejoin UNESCO was influenced by China’s growing influence within the organization. 
  • China has taken a prominent role in shaping UNESCO policies related to artificial intelligence and technology education. 
  • The US recognized the importance of actively participating to compete with China in the digital age.
• Leadership and Multilateralism: Under the leadership of UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay, efforts were made to address US concerns since her election in 2017. The US’s return to UNESCO is seen as a historic moment and a reaffirmation of commitment to multilateralism.

 The US’s Reentry and Implications:

• Voting and Expected Outcome: The USA’s decision to rejoin UNESCO will be subject to a vote by member states. It is anticipated that the reentry will be approved with ease.
• Strengthening International Cooperation: The US’s return to UNESCO signifies a renewed commitment to international cooperation in education, science, and culture. It provides an opportunity for the US to contribute to global initiatives and collaborate with other nations on important issues.

Conclusion: The United States’ decision to rejoin UNESCO highlights its commitment to international cooperation and the promotion of educational, scientific, and cultural causes. This move has the potential to foster global partnerships and contribute to the advancement of important initiatives led by UNESCO.

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