ICSE Class 10 Geography Question Paper Solution 2018

Students who are looking for the ICSE Class 10 Geography Question Paper Solution 2018 are landed on the right page. Here we have provided the answers to the 2018 Geography Question paper. These solutions will help students in their exam preparation. Also, it will provide an idea to students how to express answers during the exam. Doing so, will help students in scoring high marks in the board exam.

The ICSE Class 10 Geography 2018 exam was conducted on 12th March 2018. The exam started at 11 am and students were allotted 2 hours of time duration to finish the paper. Students can download the ICSE Class 10 Geography Question Paper Solution 2018 PDF from the link below.

ICSE Class 10 Geography (H.G.C – Paper 2) Question Paper 2018 With Solution

Question 1: Study the extract of the Survey of India Map sheet No. 45D/7 and answer the following questions:

(a) Give the six figure grid reference for:

(I) Δ 268

(ii) Temple south east of Khara

(b) Name the following:

(i) The drainage pattern seen in 9185.

(ii) The pattern of settlement seen in 9787.

(c) What do the following symbols mean?

(i) 3r in 9089.

(ii) 200 in 9383.

(d) Name two types of vegetation found in the region east of easting 93.

(e) Give two evidences which suggest that the rainfall received in the region shown on the map extract is seasonal.

(f) Calculate the area of the region between 85 – 90 northing and 90 – 95 easting. Give your answer in kilometer.

(g) Mention any two manmade features and two natural features in grid square 9080.

(h) What is the direct distance in kilometers between the surveyed tree west of Rampura (9580) to the Chhatri in Juvol (9282)?

(i) Mention:

(i) The most commonly used means of transport in the area shown on the map extract.

(ii) The main occupation of the people of the region in the southeastern part of the map extract.

(j) (i) What is the compass direction of Rampura (9580) from Karja (9781)?

(ii) Identify the landform marked by contours in 9782.

Answer:

(a) (i) 949834

(ii) 969861/2

(b) (i) 9185 – Radial

(ii) 9787 – Scattered / Dispersed

(c) (i) 3r in 9089 – the relative height of the earthwork embankment is 3 meters.

(ii) 200 in 9383 – the value of the contour line is 200 m above mean sea level.

(d) Dense mixed jungle, open scrub.

(e) Seasonal streams / seasonal tanks / dry tank/broken ground. (Any two)

Seasonal river with water channel/ dry stream.

(f) There are 25 grid squares in this boundary limit.

Scale of map is 2 cm = 1 km.

Area of 1 grid square is 1 km²∴ Area of 25 squares is 25 km².

(g) Manmade features – cart track / cultivated land / permanent hut / Temple / Ranawas settlement / lined perennial well. (Any two)

Natural features – seasonal stream / plain / broken ground / disappearing stream / barren

land/dry river/intermittent stream. (Any two)

(h) 6.7 cm

Scale is 2 cm = 1 km

∴ 6.7 cm = 6.7 ÷ 2 = 3.35 km ~ (3-4 km)

(accepted range 3.25 – 3.45 km) i.e. 6.5 – 6.9 cm

(i) (i) Cart track/pack track

(ii) Cultivation / Agriculture / Farming.

(j) (i) South west

(ii) Conical hill / valley / spur / water shed/escarpment/steep slope.

Question 2: On the outline map of India provided:

(a) Shade and label Thar desert.

(b) Label the river Narmada.

(c) Shade and name the Wular lake.

(d) Shade and label Kanara coast.

(e) Mark and name Mount Kanchenjunga.

(f) Shade and label a densely-populated region in India.

(g) Shade and label a region with Red soil in India.

(h) Mark with a dot and name Chennai.

(i) Mark and label the Arabian Sea branch of S.W. Monsoon.

(j) Mark with a dot and name Singhbhum.

Answer:

Question 3:

(a) How is the winter rainfall of the northwest part of India different from the winter rainfall of the southeast part of India?

(b) (i) Name a state that is the first to experience the onset of the monsoon.

(ii) How does the “Mango shower” influence the state of Karnataka?

(c) Give a reason for each of the following:

(i) Kanyakumari experiences equable climate.

(ii) Central Maharashtra gets less rainfall than the coastal area of Maharashtra.

(iii) Jaipur has a higher annual range of temperature than Mumbai.

(d) Write three differences between summer monsoon season and retreating monsoon season.

Answer:

(a) Rainfall in northwest part of India occurs due to temperate cyclone where as in south east part of India it is due to winter monsoon / retreating monsoon.

(b) (i) Kerala

(ii) Mango shower helps in early ripening of Mango crop and is also helpful for tea / coffee cultivation in Karnataka.

(c) (i) Kanyakumari is near the sea and is also near the equator and so has equable climate.

(ii) Central Maharashtra lies in the rain shadow area whereas coastal Maharashtra is on the windward side of Western Ghats.

(iii) Jaipur lies in continental interior whereas Mumbai lies close to the sea. Thus, Jaipur has

extremes of temperature, but Mumbai has equable climate.

(d)

Question 4:

(a) (i) Why does alluvial soil differ in texture?

(ii) State two cash crops that grow well in alluvial soil.

(b) With reference to black soil answer the following:

(i) Name one important crop which grows in this soil.

(ii) Give one chemical property of this soil.

(c) Give one geographical reason for each of the following:

(i) Red soil requires irrigation.

(ii) Afforestation prevents soil from getting eroded.

(iii) Laterite soil is red in colour.

(d) (i) What is soil erosion?

(ii) Mention two causes of soil erosion in India.

Answer:

(a) (i) It varies in texture as it is deposited by rivers. Coarse material is deposited in higher altitude areas and fine material is brought to lower plain /transported soil.

(ii) Sugarcane / Jute / Cotton / Tobacco / oilseed

(b) (i) Important crop grown in black soil is cotton / sugarcane / tobacco / cereals / oil seeds / jowar / wheat / gram.

(ii) Chemical property – Rich in lime, potash, calcium & magnesium carbonate. Poor in phosphorous nitrogen and organic matter LIMCAP/non- acidic/non-alkaline.

(c) (i) Red soil need irrigation as it does not retain moisture since it is highly porous.

(ii) The roots of the trees hold the soil together.

(iii) Rich in iron oxide

(d) (i) Removal and destruction of soil is called soil erosion.

(ii) Causes – deforestation / poor farming techniques / overgrazing/ wind/heavy rainfall/human activities/running water shifting cultivation.

Question 5:

(a) (i) Name an area in India where Tropical Monsoon forest is found.

(ii) How is this forest of great commercial value to India?

(b) With reference to Littoral forest, answer the following questions:

(i) Why do the trees in this forest grow aerial roots?

(ii) Name one area in India where this forest is found.

(c) (i) Name a state in India where thorn and scrub forest is found.

(ii) Give two ways by which the trees that are found here have adapted to the climate.

(d) (i) Give two ways in which forests are important.

(ii) Mention one forest conservation method followed in India.

Answer:

(a) (i) It is found in Northern states along foot hills of Himalayas, Eastern slopes of Western Ghats, Siwalik range and Chota Nagpur plateau region.

(ii) This forest has commercially valuable trees i.e. teak, sal, and shisham which yield valuable timber. It is easily accessible /pure stand.

(b) (i) Aerial root helps the tress to survive in marshes, creeks and submerged areas.

(ii) Along deltas of large rivers of east coast, Sunderban, coastal areas of West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Andaman Nicobar /deltaic area of Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna.

(c) (i) S.W. Punjab, U.P., Central & eastern Rajasthan, M.P., Gujarat.

(ii) Trees have adapted by developing long roots, leaves turning to spines, thick fleshy stems to store water drought resistant/xerophytic.

(d) (i) Forests are moderators of climate, play important role in carbon cycle, control soil

erosion, help water percolation, add humus to soil and are habitat for animals and birds.

Maintain ecological balance.

(ii) Afforestation / re-afforestation / Van Mahotsav / social forestry / farm forestry, agroforestry/

silviculture/joint forest management.

Question 6:

(a) There is plenty of rain in India during the rainy season, yet we need irrigation. Give two reasons to support this statement.

(b) (i) Name three traditional means of irrigation.

(ii) Give a reason why traditional means of irrigation are still important in most parts of India.

(c) (i) Differentiate between Surface water and Ground water.

(ii) Mention two reasons to explain as to why we are facing water scarcity in recent times.

(d) (i) What is rain water harvesting?

(ii) What are the advantages of rain water harvesting?

(iii) Name two water harvesting systems practised in India.

Answer:

(a) Rain is erratic and seasonal / annual crops like sugarcane need plenty of water throughout growing period / crops like rice need plenty of water / lot of loss of water due to evaporation on account of tropical climate /HYV seeds.

(b) (i) Traditional means – wells, canals, tanks.

(ii) Traditional means have low initial cost burden / easy to operate / easily accessible to farmers.

(c) (i) Surface Water – Water available in lakes, ponds, river and streams/ polluted,

Ground water – water available below land in aquifer/ pure/improve quality of ground water

(ii) We face water scarcity as a lot of water is either wasted or polluted. Demand of pure potable water is therefore, more than its supply.

(d) Rain water harvesting:

(i) It is the procedure of augmenting the natural filtration of rain water to recharge groundwater and storing it in underground reservoirs, borewells, dug wells etc.

(ii) To increase the ground water table, to meet the demands of increased population and

agricultural activities.

(iii)

1. Rain water Harvesting

2. Roof top harvesting system

3. Ground water recharge.

Question 7:

(a) Give two advantages that non-conventional energy sources have over conventional energy sources.

(b) (i) Mention one advantage of the use of natural gas over coal or petroleum.

(ii) Name one off shore oil field of India.

(c) Answer the following:

(i) State one industrial use of copper.

(ii) Mention one advantage of generating power from bio-gas.

(iii) Name the mineral that toughens steel and makes it rust-proof.

(d) (i) Name the metal obtained from Bauxite. Give any one use of the metal mentioned by you.

(ii) Which multi-purpose project provides power to both Punjab and Himachal

Pradesh?

Answer:

(a) Advantage – They produce large amount of power, which can be used for domestic, industrial and other activities. /renewable/eco-friendly/inexhaustible.

(b) (i) Natural gas creates less pollution (if used as CNG or LPG) as compared to fossil fuels

such as coal or petroleum.

(ii) Mumbai High / Aliabet / Bassein/ basin of Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery.

(c) (i) Copper is used for making wire and for alloys.

(ii) Non-polluting / waste put to good use / residue used as manure / inexhaustible /reduces

dependence on fossil fuels/cleans environment.

(iii) Manganese is used to make steel tough and rust proof.

(d) (i) Aluminium – it is used to make utensils, aircrafts, in automobiles, wires.

(ii) Bhakra Nangal.

Question 8:

(a) With reference to the cultivation of tea answer the following:

(i) Why is tea grown on hill slopes?

(ii) Why tea bushes have to be pruned at regular intervals?

(b) With reference to rice cultivation answer the following:

(i) Why does the cultivation of rice require a lot of manual labour?

(ii) Mention two geographical conditions which suit the cultivation of rice.

(c) Give a geographical reason for each of the following:

(i) Cotton is a labour-intensive crop.

(ii) Jute is retted after it has been harvested.

(iii) The growing of pulses is important in India.

(d) (i) Why is agriculture important in India?

(ii) Name the two main agricultural seasons of India.

(iii) What is mixed farming?

Answer:

(a) (i) Tea cannot bear stagnant water and so sloping ground is suitable.

(ii) Pruning encourages the production of fresh leaves and shoots / To keep it at a low height to facilitate plucking.

(b) (i) Rice has to be transplanted in puddled fields for better crop / it has to be harvested carefully by sickle – all this require lot of labour.

(ii) Temperature – 20°C – 32°C/ 16°C – 32°C

Rain – 150 – 300 cm

Soil – alluvial with a subsoil of clay. (Any two)

(c) (i) Cotton is propagated by sowing seeds on the farm / Cotton has to be protected against weevils and other insects, therefore, pesticides have to be sprayed / Cotton is a soil exhausting crop, therefore, fertilizers have to be used / Mechanized harvesting of cotton is not possible, has to be done manually which goes on for three months. (Any one)

(ii) Submerging the harvested jute stalks in clean running water facilitates the removal of the

fibre from the bark /softening by microbiological process.

(iii) Pulses are a source of proteins, particularly for the vegetarians/ good as a rotation crop/

leguminous, therefore has nitrogen fixing quality in the soil/used as cattle feed. (Any one)

(d) (i) It is important as it provides employment, raw material for industries and export surplus/provides food and fodder.

(ii) Rabi / Kharif

(iii) It is growing of crops along with an allied occupation such as dairy farming, bee keeping etc.

Question 9:

(a) (i) Name the private sector iron and steel plant of India.

(ii) From where does it get its supply of:

1. Iron ore

2. Manganese

3. Coal?

(b) Mention any two problems faced by the cotton textile industry of India.

(c) Give a geographical reason for each of the following:

(i) Silk industry is doing particularly well in Karnataka.

(ii) Petrochemical products are gaining popularity in modern times.

(iii) The electronics industry is proving to be an asset for our country in the field of education.

(d) Name the following:

(i) A city most famous for electronics and hence called “The Electronics Capital of India”.

(ii) The location of an iron and steel industry set up with German collaboration.

(iii) A by-product of sugar industry which is used in the manufacture of wax and shoe polish.

Answer:

(a) (i)Tata iron and steel company (TISCO)/Tata Steel

1. Gurumahsani in Mayurganj, Naomundi in Singhbum.

2. Joda in Keonjhar / Naomundi.

3. Jharia / Bokaro

(b) Agro-based industry, therefore the fluctuation in the supply of raw material / low productivity of labour / obsolete machinery and outdated methods of production / sick industrial units / shortage of power / competition from other countries like Egypt / competition from synthetic fibre. (Any two)

(c) (i) Favourable climate for rearing silkworms (bombyx mori) / Soft water free from alkaline

salt is available / Traditional occupation therefore plenty of skilled labour. (Any two)

(ii) Petrochemicals are cost effective, durable, cheaper, and available in plenty/generation of employment/not dependent on agriculture.

(iii) Computer, IWB, Multimedia presentation, laptop, palmtop, eBooks, e-content etc. is helpful in education field.

(d) (i) Bengaluru

(ii) It is in Sundergarh district of Odisha at the confluence of Sankha and Koel in Rourkela.

(iii) Press mud.

Question 10:

(a) Give two reasons for the “means of transport” being called the lifelines of a nation’s economy.

(b) Give two ways in which rail transport is useful for the people of India.

(c) (i) State one advantage of inland waterways.

(ii) State one advantage of roadways.

(iii) State one disadvantage of water transport.

(d) Give three reasons as to why airways are becoming a popular means of transport in modern India.

Answer:

(a) Means of transport help the economy by helping in movement of goods & raw material for industrial growth / export & import / infrastructure development / growth of tertiary sector.

(b) Railways:

– Easy movement of bulky goods.

– It has brought the villages close to cities.

– helps during natural calamities.

– Journey is comfortable.

– Provides employment.

(c) (i) It is cheaper, eco-friendly/low maintenance.

(ii) Cheaper / door to door service / safer movement of goods / links other means of transport.

(iii) It is time consuming / depends on whether / can cause sea sickness.

(d)

• Airways are faster.
• Comfortable
• Can cross natural barriers with ease.
• Provide quick help in natural calamities.

Question 11:

(a) Give two reasons as to why there is a need for safe waste disposal.

(b) How can waste be reused? Explain with the help of an example.

(c) Mention one way in which waste accumulation has an effect on the following:

(i) aquatic life

(ii) terrestrial life

(iii) landscape

(d) What do you mean by the following terms?

(i) Segregation.

(ii) Composting.

(iii) Dumping

Answer:

(a)

– waste accumulation causes pollution of air, soil & water and so it needs to be managed properly.

– It leads to spread of diseases.

– foul smell

– spoils scenic beauty.

(b) Waste can be reused by giving the discarded material another shape or form i.e. waste paper can be reused by making paper bags, discarded bottles can be used for storage purpose.

(c) (i) Aquatic life: fish & other aquatic animals may die due to pollution created by waste.

(ii) Terrestrial life: Waste looks ugly, leads to foul smell, attract insects, rodents etc. pollute air, water, harms plant kingdom.

(iii) Landscape: It makes the landscape look ugly.

(d) (i) Segregation – It means dividing the waste separately by sorting degradable from nondegradable substances.

(ii) Composting – It is an aerobic method of decomposing of organic waste.

(iii) Dumping – In this method waste is dumped in open low-lying area far from the city.

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