In human anatomy, the pelvis—also known as the bony pelvis or pelvic girdle—is a basin-shaped structure of bones connecting the torso and the legs, supporting and balancing the body. It also houses and supports the internal genitalia, the urinary bladder, and the intestines.

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Pelvic Girdle Meaning

The two hip bones, the innominate or pelvic bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx make up the pelvic girdle.

The pelvis has four points of articulation:

  • The sacroiliac joints connect the sacrum and the ilium of the hip bones.
  • The sacrococcygeal symphysis connects the coccyx and sacrum.
  • The pubic symphysis is the joint between the two hip bones and pubis bodies.
  • Ligaments provide stability by joining the lateral edge of the sacrum to different bony structures on the bony pelvis.

The rigid and strong pelvic girdle is evolved to serve various functions in the human body. The primary functions include:

  • Transfer of weight, particularly during movement, from the lower appendicular to the higher axial skeleton.
  • Provides a point of attachment for various locomotion-related ligaments and muscles.
  • The viscera of the pelvis and the abdominopelvic region are contained there.

Pelvic Girdle of Frog

The pelvic girdle of a frog is constituted primarily of bone tissues. It is located near the rear end of the trunk. It is composed of two related halves split in front and joined in back to form a middle vertical disc.

The three bones, ilium, ischium, and pubis, constitute each half of the pelvic girdle. The acetabulum, resembling a cup, is present on either side of the vertical disc—the acetabulum and femur head of the thigh bone articulate. As a result, the acetabulum is formed by the interaction of all three bones.

To join the transverse region of the sacral vertebra, the ilium stretches forward like an arm. The term “iliac crest” refers to the vertical ridge that develops along with this arm.

The ischium forms the posterior portion of the acetabulum and disc. Ischium merges with the opposite ischium to generate an ischium symphysis.

Calcified cartilage tissue is used to form the pubis. The pubis forms the disc and acetabulum’s ventral region. It joins the pubis of the opposite half to produce the pubic symphysis, a separate bone.

Frogs have a V-shaped pelvic girdle connected to a vertical disc composed of the pubis and ischium bones. The pelvic girdle articulates with the bones of the hind limbs.

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Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs

Q1

Mention the function of the pelvic girdle.

The sacrum of the spinal cord, the coccyx, and the bony structure of the pelvis constitute the pelvic girdle. It supports and stabilises the body and distributes the upper body’s weight from the hips and lower extremities to the axial skeleton. Additionally, it protects the visceral organs in the pelvis and abdomen.
Q2

Which joint is present in the pelvic and pectoral girdle of the frog?

The pelvic and pectoral girdles of a frog are divided into equal halves by the “ossa innominata,” each composed of three bones. The pelvic girdle features a depression known as the acetabulum at the intersection of the ischium and pubis bones. A ball and socket joint is formed when the head of the femur articulates into the acetabulum.

The glenoid cavity, produced at the intersection of the coracoid bones and scapule, is a concavity located in the pectoral girdle. Similarly, the ball and socket joint is formed when the forelimb’s humerus head articulates into the glenoid cavity.

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