Alternating current is a current that changes its magnitude and polarity at regular interval of time. If the current maintains its direction constant it is called direct current.
AC voltage, v = V0sinωt
AC current, i = I0sinωt
Capacitive Reactance V0/I0 = 1/ωC = Xc
RMS voltage, Vrms = V0/√2
RMS current, Irms = I0/√2
Inductive Reactance  V0/I0 = ωL = XL
Phase angle of an RLC series circuit Φ = tan-1 (XL – XC)/R
AC version of Ohm’s law, I0 = V0/Z
RLC series circuit Impedance , \(Z= \sqrt{R^{2}+(X_{L}-X_{C})^{2}}\)
Average power associated with circuit element, Pavc = (1/2)I0V0cos Φ
Resonant angular frequency of the circuit, ω0 = √1/LC
Root Mean Square:Â The Root mean square of a function from T1 to T2 is given by
Power Consumed or Supplied in AC circuit
The average power consumed in a cycle
Purely Resistive Circuit:Â In a purely resistive circuit, the power is dissipated by the resistance and phase of both voltage and current remains the same.
P = VrmsIrms cosΦ = Vrms2/R
Pure Inductive Circuit:Â In a purely inductive circuit current lags the voltage by 900
i = im sin(ωt- π/2)
Purely Conductive Circuit:Â In a purely inductive circuit, the current flowing through the capacitor leads the voltage by 900.
I = {Vm/(1/ωC)}cosωt
I = (Vm/Xc)cosωt
I = Imcosωt
I = Imsin(ωt + π/2)
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