Difference Between Dermal, Vascular and Ground Tissue

Meristems give rise to cells that differentiate or specialise at a faster rate and turn into permanent tissues. These cells are deployed into dedicated functions, thus losing their capability to further divide. It differentiates into three main types of tissues – dermal, vascular, and ground tissue. Each plant structure contains these three types of tissues.

Dermal Tissue

• They comprise the epidermis primarily, a single tissue forming an outer protective covering of the plant body
• They protect and cover the plant, regulating the exchange of gases and absorption of water
• The epidermis comprises special, flattened cells, polygonal in shape
• Specialized epidermal type of cells occurring in all leaves are guard cells
• Epidermal cells can be seen in the shoots having cuticles. This tissue of leaves and stems is covered by a waxy cuticle, preventing evaporative loss of water
• The root epidermis, unlike the leaves and stems, are not covered by the waxy cuticle that would inhibit water absorption
• The extensions of the root epidermal cells, the root hair, increase the surface area of roots, majorly contributing to water and mineral absorption
• The trichomes of epidermal tissue can be seen on leaves and stems, assisting in defence against herbivores

Vascular Tissue

• Involved in the transportation of minerals, water and sugars to various plant parts
• Tissue comprises two special conducting tissues – phloem and xylem
• While xylem transports nutrients and water from roots to various parts of the plant apart from rendering structural support to the stem, the phloem is involved in the transportation of the organic compounds from the region of photosynthesis to various other plant parts
• The xylem and phloem are always found next to each other in a vascular bundle

Ground Tissue

• They constitute most of the interior parts of the plant
• Perform various roles depending on the type of cells, and plant location, including parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma
• Render supporting matrix for vascular tissues, alongside providing structural assistance to the stem and assisting in storing water and sugars

Difference Between Dermal, Vascular and Ground Tissue

Find below the main differences between Dermal, Vascular and Ground Tissue.

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