Flashcards For NEET Biology - Organisms and Populations

E.g. grasslands, mountains, deserts, etc.

E.g. Birds, mammals, some lower vertebrates and invertebrates

Internal temperature and osmotic pressure changes with the ambience

E.g. 99 percent of animals and all the plants

E.g. Siberian cranes migrate to Keoladeo National Park (Bharatpur, Rajasthan)

E.g. thick-walled spores, dormant seeds

E.g. polar bears, bats, etc.

E.g. snails, fishes, amphibians, reptiles

E.g. zooplankton

E.g. birds and mammals

E.g. amphibians, reptiles, invertebrates

E.g. birds and mammals

Not all homeotherms are endothermic, e.g. desert lizards

E.g. fish, reptiles, amphibians

They are mostly ectothermic

E.g. Animals adapted to colder climates have shorter limbs and ears to reduce heat loss

A number of individuals residing in an area. It can also be measured in terms of biomass or per cent cover

Mostly estimated, e.g. tiger census is based on pug marks and fecal pellets, fish caught per trap, etc.

Nt+1 = Nt + [(B + I) – (D + E)]

Immigration (I)- number of individuals come into the habitat

Emigration (E)- number of individuals left the habitat

Killing and eating an animal or plant

E.g. Herbivores, carnivores, etc.

One is harmed and another is benefited

E.g. ectoparasites- lice, ticks, cuscuta on hedge plants

endoparasites- liver fluke, various microbes

E.g. cuckoo leaves its eggs in crow’s nest

Competitively inferior species may get eliminated

E.g. flamingoes compete with zooplankton in lakes

E.g. lichens, mycorrhiza, pollinating insects and flowers, fig and wasp, etc.

E.g. Orchid is an epiphyte on a mango branch, cattle egrets, clownfish and sea anemone

E.g. black walnut secretes a substance, which kills herbaceous plants, Penicillium kills bacteria due to penicillin secretion, grazing by cattle