Theory
- Balanced Chemical Equation
- Chemical Equation
- Implications of a Balanced Chemical Equation
- Types of Chemical reactions: Combination, Decomposition, Displacement, Double displacement, Precipitation, Neutralization, Oxidation and reduction
- Definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH- ions
- General properties – Examples and uses
- Concept of pH
- Importance of pH in everyday life
- Preparation and uses of Sodium hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris
- Properties of metals and non-metals
- Reactivity series, Formation and properties of ionic compounds
- Basic metallurgical processes
- Corrosion and its prevention
- Lining being: Basic concept of nutrition
- Respiration, Transport and Excretion in plants and animals
- Tropic movements in plants
- Introduction to plant hormones
- Control and co-ordination in animals: Nervous system
- Voluntary, involuntary and Reflex actions, Chemical co-ordination : Animal hormones
- Potential difference and electric current, Ohm’s law
- Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which resistance of a conductor depends
- Series combination of resistors, Parallel combination of resistors and its application in daily life
- Heating effect of Electric current and its application
- Electric power and Inter-relation between P,V,I, and R
- Magnetic field, field lines, field due to current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid
- Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s left hand rule
- Electromagnetic induction, Induced potential difference, Induced current
- Fleming’s right hand rule
- Direct current, Alternating current: Frequency of AC
- Advantages of AC over DC, Domestic electric circuits
- Different forms of energy
- Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy: Fossil fuels, solar energy, biogas, wind, water, tidal energy and nuclear energy
- Renewable versus non-renewable sources
Practicals
To find the pH of the following samples by using pH paper/universal indicator
- Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
- Dilute NaOH solution
- Dilute Ethanoic Acid solution
- Lemon juice
- Water
- Dilute Sodium Bicarbonate solution
To study the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) by their reaction with:
- Litmus solution (Blue/Red)
- Zinc metal
- Solid sodium carbonate
To perform and observe the following reactions and classify them into:
- Combination reaction
- Decompositionreaction
- Displacement reaction
- Double displacement reaction
- Action of water on quick lime
- Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals
- Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution
- Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions
To observe the action of Zn, Fe, Cu and Al metals on the following salt solutions:
- ZnSO4 (aq)
- FeSO4 (aq)
- CuSO4 (aq)
- Al2(SO4)3 (aq)
- Arrange Zn, Fe, Cu and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above result.
To study the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determine its resistance. Also plot a graph versus V and I.
To determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series.
To determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in parallel.
To prepare a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata.
To show experimentally that light is necessary for photosynthesis.
To show experimentally that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.
