NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 5 Acids Bases and Salts

NCERT Exemplar solutions for Class 7 Acids, Bases and Salts are designed in such a way that students will obtain detailed knowledge of the topics covered in the NCERT textbooks. They can solve these solutions regularly to practise well and score good marks in the annual exam.

These Exemplar Solutions for Class 7 Science have different types of questions, such as multiple-choice questions, indicator identification questions, questions on daily life examples, short answer questions and descriptive answer questions.

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Importance of NCERT Exemplar for Class 7 Science Chapter 5 Acids, Bases and Salts

These exemplar solutions cover questions on the difference between acids, bases and salts, indicators, litmus paper test, neutralisation and daily life explanations. NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 7 Chapter 5 has answers and explanations to 11 multiple-choice questions, answers to 3 very short answer questions, 5 short answer questions, and 7 long questions.

Topics Covered in NCERT Exemplar for Class 7 Science Chapter 5

5.1 – Acids and Bases

5.2 – Natural Indicators Around Us

5.3 – Neutralisation

5.4 – Neutralisations in Everyday Life.

Access Answers of NCERT Exemplar for Class 7 Science Chapter 5 – Acids, Bases and Salts

Multiple-choice Questions

1. The correct way of making a solution of acid in water is to

(a) add water to acid.

(b) add acid to water.

(c) mix acid and water simultaneously.

(d) add water to acid in a shallow container.

Soln:

The answer is (b) add acid to water.

Explanation:

If we add water to acid, it will be an exothermic reaction which will produce a lot of heat which may lead to an explosion. Hence, water should be added to the acid.

2. Products of a neutralisation reaction are always

(a) an acid and a base.

(b) an acid and a salt.

(c) salt and water.

(d) a salt and a base.

Soln:

The answer is (c) salt and water.

3. Turmeric is a natural indicator. On adding its paste to acid and base separately, which colours would be observed

(a) Yellow in both acid and base.

(b) Yellow in acid and red in the base.

(c) Pink in acid and yellow in the base.

(d) Red in acid and blue in the base.

Soln:

The answer is (b) Yellow in acid and red in the base.

Explanation:

Turmeric paste is yellow in colour, and it is acidic in nature hence it remains yellow in acid, whereas it is converted to red due to neutralization by the base.

4. Phenolphthalein is a synthetic indicator, and its colours in acidic and basic solutions, respectively, are

(a) red and blue.

(b) blue and red.

(c) pink and colourless.

(d) colourless and pink

Soln:

The answer is (d) colourless and pink

5. When the soil is too basic, plants do not grow well in it. To improve its quality what must be added to the soil?

(a) Organic matter

(b) Quick lime

(c) Slaked lime

(d) Calamine solution

Soln:

The answer is (a) Organic matter

Explanation:

Organic matter is added to basic soil to neutralize its base, which improves its quality.

6. ‘Litmus’, a natural dye, is an extract of which of the following?

(a) China rose (Gudhal)

(b) Beetroot

(c) Lichen

(d) Blueberries (Jamun)

Soln:

The answer is (c) Lichen

7. A neutralisation reaction is a

(a) physical and reversible change.

(b) a physical change that cannot be reversed.

(c) chemical and reversible change.

(d) the chemical change that cannot be reversed.

Soln:

The answer is (d) chemical change that cannot be reversed.

Explanation:

It is a chemical reaction where acid and base react with each other quantitatively. Neutralization is an irreversible process.

8. A solution changes the colour of the turmeric indicator from yellow to red. The solution is

(a) basic

(b) acidic

(c) neutral

(d) either neutral or acidic

Soln:

The answer is (a) basic

Explanation:

Turmeric is acidic in nature hence it is converted to red due to neutralization by the base.

9. Which of the following set of substances contain acids?

(a) Grapes, lime water

(b) Vinegar, soap

(c) Curd, milk of magnesia

(d) Curd, vinegar

Soln:

The answer is (d) Curd, vinegar

Explanation:

Curd contains lactic acid, and vinegar contains acetic acid.

10. On adding the phenolphthalein indicator to a colourless solution, no change is observed. What is the nature of this solution?

(a) Basic

(b) Either acidic or basic

(c) Either acidic or neutral

(d) Either basic or neutral

Soln:

The answer is (c) Either acidic or neutral

Explanation:

The colour of the phenolphthalein indicator will not change with an acidic or neutral solution.

11. Which of the following is an acid-base indicator?

(a) Vinegar

(b) Lime water

(c) Turmeric

(d) Baking soda

Soln:

The answer is (c) Turmeric

Explanation:

Turmeric will be yellow in the acidic solution and red in the basic solution.

Very Short Answer Questions

12. Look at the given reaction.

Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide (base) → Sodium chloride (salt) + Water

Sodium chloride formed in this reaction remains in solution form. Can we get solid sodium chloride from this solution? Suggest a method (if any).

Soln:

Sodium chloride is soluble in water hence we get a solution of sodium chloride. We can get solid sodium chloride by an evaporation method.

13. State whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements.

(a) All substances are either acidic or basic.

(b) A compound, if acidic, will turn all indicators red.

(c) Lime water turns red litmus blue.

(d) Common salt dissolved in water turns blue litmus red.

(e) Phenolphthalein is a natural indicator.

(f) Calamine can be used to treat ant’s sting.

(g) Lemon water is basic in nature.

Soln:

1. False- Substance can be acidic, basic or neutral in nature
2. False- Acids do not turn all indicators red.
3. True
4. False- The colour of the litmus paper will not change at all
5. False- Phenopthalein is a man-made indicator
6. True
7. False- Lemon water is acidic in nature

14. Paheli is suffering from indigestion due to acidity. Is it advisable to give her orange juice in this situation, and why?

Soln:

No, Orange juice is not advised because orange juice is acidic in nature.

Short Answer Questions

15. Look at Figure 5.1, which shows solutions taken in test tubes A, B, C and D. What colour is expected when a piece of red litmus paper is dropped in each test tube? The nature of the solutions is given in the table for your help.

Soln:

16. While playing in a park, a child was stung by a wasp. Some elders suggested applying the paste of baking soda and other lemon juice as the remedy. Which remedy do you think is appropriate and why?

Soln:

Wasp releases a liquid substance into the body when its stings. This liquid will be acidic in nature hence baking soda should be applied as a remedy, and adding lemon juice will increase the pain and redness.

17. Form a sentence using the following words – baking soda, ant bite, moist, effect, neutralised, rubbing.

Soln:

The effect of an ant bite can be neutralised by rubbing moist baking soda.

18. Match the substances in Column I with those in Column II.

Soln:

19. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences

(a) Lemon juice and vinegar taste ___________ because they contain ___________.

(b) Turmeric and litmus are _________ acid-base indicators.

(c) Phenolphthalein gives _________ colour with lime water.

(d) When an acidic solution is mixed with a basic solution, they _________ each other forming _________ and water.

Soln:

(a) Lemon juice and vinegar taste sour because they contain acids.

(b) Turmeric and litmus are natural acid-base indicators.

(c) Phenolphthalein gives pink colour with lime water.

(d) When an acidic solution is mixed with a basic solution, they neutralize each other forming salt

Long Answer Questions

20. Boojho, Paheli and their friend Golu were provided with a test tube, each containing China rose solution, which was pink in colour. Boojho added two drops of solution ‘A’ in his test tube and got a dark pink colour. Paheli added 2 drops of solution ‘B’ to her test tube and got green colour. Golu added 2 drops of solution ‘C’ but could not get any change in colour. Suggest the possible cause for the variation in their results.

Soln:

Since solution A turns China rose colour to dark pink hence Solution A is an acidic solution. solution B turns China rose colour to green colour hence Solution B is a basic solution. Since Solution C did not change the colour of china rose Solution, it is a neutral solution.

21. Fill in the crossword given as Figure 5.2 with the help of the clues provided.

Across

(2) The solution which does not change the colour of either red or blue litmus.

(4) Phenolphthalein gives pink colour in this type of solution.

(7) Colour of blue litmus in lemon juice.

Down

(1) It is used to test whether a substance is acidic or basic.

(3) It is a natural indicator and gives a pink colour in a basic solution.

(5) Nature of ant’s sting.

(6) It is responsible for the increase in temperature during a neutralisation reaction.

Soln:

22. A farmer was unhappy because of his low crop yield. He discussed the problem with an agricultural scientist and realised that the soil of his field was either too acidic or too basic. What remedy would you suggest the farmer to neutralise the soil?

Soln:

If the soil is too acidic, it is treated with bases such as quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). If the soil is too basic, organic matter is added to it. Organic matter releases acids which neutralise the basic nature of the soil.

23. You are provided with four test tubes containing sugar solution, baking soda solution, tamarind solution, and salt solution. Write down the activity to find the nature (acidic/basic/neutral) of each solution.

Soln:

Add blue litmus solution and then red litmus solution for the test tubes containing sugar solution, baking soda solution, tamarind solution, salt solution. One can observe the colour changes to find the nature of each of them. It is as follows.

Sugar and salt solution is neutral as there is no colour change

Baking soda turns red litmus to blue and it is a basic solution.

Tamarind solution turns blue litmus to red and it is acidic in nature

24. You are provided with three test tubes A, B and C as shown in Figure 5.3, with different liquids. What will you observe when you put

(a) a piece of blue litmus paper in each test tube.

(b) a piece of red litmus paper in each test tube.

(c) a few drops of phenolphthalein solution to each test tube.

Soln:

25. Paheli observed that most of the fish in the pond of her village were gradually dying. She also observed that the waste of a factory in their village was flowing into the pond, which probably caused the fish to die.

(a) Explain why the fish were dying.

(b) If the factory waste is acidic in nature, how can it be neutralised?

Soln:

a) As Factory waste is disposed of in the river, it can kill the fish as factory waste may contain acids, bases and other toxic compounds.

b) If the factory waste is acidic in nature, it can be neutralised by adding basic substances.

26. Explain two neutralisation reactions related to a daily life situation.

Soln:

A) Acidity

Acidity is caused in the stomach as indigestion releases a lot of acids. This can be controlled by taking antacids like milk of magnesia.

(b) Ant’s sting

Ant’s sting releases formic acid into the skin. It can be neutralised by rubbing baking soda or putting in calamine lotion.

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