NCERT Solutions Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 – Mineral and Power Resources
*According to NCERT 2023-24 Syllabus update, this chapter has been removed.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 – Mineral and Power Resources are provided here for students to study and prepare for the board exams. What are minerals? A naturally occurring substance with a definite chemical composition is called a mineral. Minerals are not evenly distributed over space but are concentrated in a particular area or rock formation. Did you know that the salt in your food and graphite in your pencil are also minerals? Students can explore more about the various types of Minerals and Power Resources from Chapter 3 of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography book.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources contain solutions to the exercises given in the Geography Book-Resources and Development. These NCERT Solutions of the exercises provided by subject experts at BYJU’S help students to prepare for the exams.
Students can download the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography PDF below.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Social Science Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 – Mineral and Power Resources
1. Answer the following questions.
(i) Name any three common minerals used by you every day.
Answer: Salt, petroleum and gold are the common minerals that are used by humans on a regular basis.
(ii) What is an ore? Where are the ores of metallic minerals generally located?
Answer: Ores are the rocks which are mined to extract minerals from them. Minerals occur in different types of rocks. Some are found in igneous rocks, some in metamorphic rocks, and others occur in sedimentary rocks. The ores of metallic minerals are found in igneous and metamorphic rock formations that form large plateaus.
(iii) Name two regions rich in natural gas resources.
Answer: The United Kingdom and the Netherlands are the major producers of natural gas. Natural gas is found in petroleum deposits and is released when crude oil is brought to the surface. It is used as a domestic and industrial fuel.
(iv) Which sources of energy would you suggest for (a) rural areas, (b) coastal areas, and (c) Arid regions?
Answer:
(a) In rural areas – coal, solar energy, bio-gas, and firewood can be used as sources of energy.
(b) In coastal areas – wind power, petroleum and tidal power can be used.
(C) In arid areas, geothermal power and solar energy are the most suitable sources of energy to be used.
(v) Give five ways in which you can save energy at home.
Answer:
- Switching off the lights, TV and electric fans, when they are not in use.
- Closing the tap properly so that it does not drip
- Using a pressure cooker for cooking
- Walking or using bicycles for short distance commutes.
- Minimising the use of refrigerators, air conditioners and lifts.
2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?
(a) They are created by natural processes.
(b) They have a definite chemical composition.
(c) They are inexhaustible.
(d) Their distribution is uneven.
Answer: (c) They are inexhaustible
(ii) Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world?
(a) Bolivia
(b) Ghana
(c) Zimbabwe
(d) Chile
Answer: (d) Chile
(iii) Which one of the following practices will NOT conserve LPG in your kitchen?
(a) Cooking food in an open pan, kept on a low flame.
(b) Soaking the dal for some time before cooking it.
(c) Cooking food in a pressure cooker.
(d) Keeping the vegetables chopped before lighting the gas for cooking.
Answer: (a) Cooking food in an open pan, kept on a low flame
3. Give reasons.
(i) Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
Answer: The construction of a huge dam creates large-scale destruction of natural vegetation and wildlife in those areas, which get submerged. This is not good for the ecosystem. Hence, environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
(ii) Most industries are concentrated around coal mines.
Answer: Coal is an important source of energy, and hence most industries are located around coal mines.
(iii) Petroleum is referred to as “black gold”.
Answer: Petroleum is a thick black liquid and is a valuable resource for various industries. Hence, it is also known as “black gold”.
(iv) Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.
Answer: Quarrying creates many problems. Fine dust particles spread in the air around a quarrying site. Dust particles from the quarry can cause respiratory problems. Quarrying also destroys natural vegetation and, thus, the home of many wild animals.
4. Distinguish between the following.
(i) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy
Answer: Conventional sources of energy are those which have been in common use for a long time. Firewood and fossil fuels are the two main conventional energy sources. Whereas, non-conventional sources of energy are alternative forms of energy used in modern times. The use of renewable energy sources like organic waste, tide and wind energy come under non-conventional energy sources.
(ii) Biogas and natural gas
Answer: The gaseous fuel formed from the conversion of organic waste such as dead plants, animal material, animal dung and kitchen waste is called biogas. Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide and produces a huge amount of organic manure each year. Whereas, natural gas is extracted with petroleum deposits when crude oil is brought to the surface.
(iii) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
Answer: Ferrous minerals contain iron, such as iron ore, manganese and chromites. On the other hand, non-ferrous minerals do not contain iron like gold, silver, copper or lead.
(iv) Metallic and non-metallic minerals
Answer: Metallic minerals contain metal in raw form. Bauxite and manganese are some examples of metallic minerals. In contrast, metals such as limestone, mica and gypsum do not contain metal elements and are called non-metallic minerals.
Chapter 3 – Mineral and Power Resources Summary
Minerals are naturally occurring substances that have definite chemical compositions. They are formed in different types of geological environments under varying conditions. Minerals are non-renewable resources. Minerals can be identified on the basis of their physical properties, such as colour, density, hardness, and chemical properties, such as solubility.
Types of minerals: On the basis of composition, minerals are classified into metallic and non-metallic types.
Metallic minerals contain metals in raw form. Metallic minerals are of two types: (a) Ferrous and (b) Non-ferrous.
Non-metallic minerals do not contain metals. For example, limestone, mica, gypsum, coal, and petroleum.
You will also learn about the following:
- Metals, ferrous and non-ferrous metallic minerals
- Methods of extraction of minerals such as mining, drilling and quarrying
- Industrial development
- Distribution of minerals, types of rocks
- Uses of minerals, distribution of minerals in India and conservation of minerals
- Power resources
- Power resources are of two types: Conventional resources and non-conventional resources
- The energy resources that have been in common use for a long time are known as conventional sources like firewood and fossil fuels.
- Non-conventional sources of energy are renewable in nature, such as solar energy, wind energy and tidal energy. Non-conventional sources of energy are more expensive, as they require technological upgrades. India has great potential for solar energy.
Resources and Development is an important book for Class 8 Social Science subject. Apart from this chapter, solutions for the full set of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science are provided in the links. Students can download the readily available solutions PDF for free from the links given.
Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3
What topics can I learn from the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3?
1. Metals, ferrous and non-ferrous metallic minerals
2. Methods of extraction of minerals such as mining, drilling and quarrying
3. Industrial development
4. Distribution of minerals, types of rocks
5. Uses of minerals, distribution of minerals in India and conservation of minerals
6. Power resources: Conventional resources and non-conventional resources
What questions can be expected from Chapter 3 of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography in the exams?
1. What is an ore? Where are the ores of metallic minerals generally located?
2. Give five ways in which you can save energy at home.
3. Distinguish between (i) gas and natural gas (ii) conventional and non-conventional sources of energy
4. Given reasons: Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
Students willing to learn the right answers to these questions can refer to the NCERT Solutions from BYJU’S, created by experts having vast knowledge in the subject.
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