According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 5.
Thermodynamics deals with the change of energy in physical and chemical processes. It allows us to study these changes quantitatively as well as to make effective predictions. Therefore, we divide the universe as surrounding and system. Physical or chemical processes lead to the progression or immersion of heat part of it may be converted to work. According to the first law of thermodynamics, these quantities are related as ∆U = q + w, where q is heat and w is work. Change in internal energy is a state function and depends on only the initial and final states. On the other hand, w and q are not state functions. The change in temperature due to the transfer of heat from one system to another system can be measured.
- The heat evolved or absorbed is expressed as q = C∆T.
- In case of expansion of gas, work is measured as w = –pex∆V
Enthalpy Change
Enthalpy change is defined as the change in energy of a system at constant pressure. It is denoted as ΔH. Enthalpy is a state function. Enthalpy change, ∆H = ∆U + ∆ngRT, can be calculated directly from the change in heat at constant pressure, ∆H = qp
To know about Thermodynamic Devices, watch the below video
Hess’s law
Hess’s law states that the standard reaction enthalpy for the overall reaction taking place in several steps will be equal to the sum of standard enthalpies of intermediate reaction steps by assuming that each step occurs at the same temperature.
| Also Access |
| NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 6 |
| NCERT Exemplar for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 6 |
Few Important Questions
- Given: Aluminium Quantity 60.0 g, a temperature increases from 35°C to 55°C, molar heat capacity 24 J mol–1 K–1 Calculate the number of kJ of heat.
- Given: The equilibrium constant of a reaction is 10, T = 300 K, R = 8.314 JK–1mol–1. Calculate the value of ∆G0?
- ∆U = 0 for an isolated system, calculate ∆S
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Other Important Links:
| Hess Law | Enthalpy Change |
Frequently Asked Questions on CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Notes Chapter 6: Thermodynamics
How to score high grades in Class 11 CBSE Chemistry?
Studying from the first day and preparing continuously can help us score well in any subject. CBSE Class 11 Chemistry notes can be referred to for revision.
What is the importance of the topic of Thermodynamics?
Thermodynamics is the subject which helps in the relation of work, heat, temperature and energy. Studying this topic properly will help students gain overall knowledge.
How many laws of Thermodynamics are there in total?
There are four laws of thermodynamics.
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