NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12: Ratio and Proportion

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Ratio and Proportion comprises exercise-wise solved questions of Ratio and Proportion concept. These study materials, prepared by the subject-matter experts at BYJU’S are available in PDF for greater assistance. Students can easily download the PDF file and study offline as well. These NCERT Solutions for Class 6  Maths are prepared as per the CBSE Board syllabus.

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Ratio and Proportion

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Further, students can have a look at other NCERT Solutions, notes and preparation tips available on the website to prepare well for the exams. To get an idea of the types of questions asked from Ratio and Proportion, students are advised to solve sample papers and previous years’ question papers as well.

Self Study Class 6

Exercises of NCERT Solutions Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 – Ratio and Proportion

Exercise 12.1 Solutions

Exercise 12.2 Solutions

Exercise 12.3 Solutions

Access NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Chapter 12: Ratio and Proportion

Exercise 12.1 Page No. 251

1. There are 20 girls and 15 boys in a class.

(a) What is the ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys?

(b) What is the ratio of the number of girls to the total number of students in the class?

Solutions:

Given

Number of girls = 20 girls

Number of boys = 15 boys

Total number of students = 20 + 15

= 35

(a) Ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys = 20 / 15 = 4 / 3

(b) Ratio of the number of girls to the total number of students = 20 / 35 = 4 / 7

2. Out of 30 students in a class, 6 like football, 12 like cricket and the remaining like tennis. Find the ratio of

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Exercise 12.1 - 1

(a) The number of students liking football to the number of students liking tennis.

(b) The number of students liking cricket to the total number of students.

Solutions:

Given

Number of students who like football = 6

Number of students who like cricket = 12

Number of students who like tennis = 30 – 6 – 12

= 12

(a) Ratio of the number of students liking football to the number of students liking tennis

= 6 / 12 = 1 / 2

(b) Ratio of the number of students liking cricket to the total number of students

= 12 / 30

= 2 / 5

3. See the figure and find the ratio of

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Exercise 12.1 - 2

(a) Number of triangles to the number of circles inside the rectangle.

(b) Number of squares to all the figures inside the rectangle.

(c) Number of circles to all the figures inside the rectangle.

Solutions:

Given in the figure

Number of triangles = 3

Number of circles = 2

Number of squares = 2

Total number of figures = 7

(a) Ratio of the number of triangles to the number of circles inside the rectangle

= 3 / 2

(b) Ratio of the number of squares to all the figures inside the rectangle

= 2 / 7

(c) Ratio of the number of circles to all the figures inside the rectangle

= 2 / 7

4. The distance travelled by Hamid and Akhtar in an hour is 9 km and 12 km, respectively. Find the ratio of the speed of Hamid to the speed of Akhtar.

Solutions:

We know that the speed of a certain object is the distance travelled by that object in an hour

Distance travelled by Hamid in one hour = 9 km

Distance travelled by Akhtar in one hour = 12 km

Speed of Hamid = 9 km/hr

Speed of Akhtar = 12 km/hr

The ratio of the speed of Hamid to the speed of Akhtar = 9 / 12 = 3 / 4

5. Fill in the blanks:

15 / 18 = ☐ / 6 = 10 / ☐ = ☐ / 30 [Are these equivalent ratios?]

Solutions:

15 / 18 = (5 × 3) / (6 × 3)

= 5 / 6

5 / 6 = (5 × 2) / (6 × 2)

= 10 / 12

5 / 6 = (5 × 5) / (6 × 5)

= 25 / 30

Hence, 5, 12 and 25 are the numbers which come in the blanks, respectively.

Yes, all are equivalent ratios.

6. Find the ratio of the following:

(a) 81 to 108

(b) 98 to 63

(c) 33 km to 121 km

(d) 30 minutes to 45 minutes

Solutions:

(a) 81 / 108 = (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) / (2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3)

= 3 / 4

(b) 98 / 63 = (14 × 7) / (9 × 7)

= 14 / 9

(c) 33 / 121 = (3 × 11) / (11 × 11)

= 3 / 11

(d) 30 / 45 = (2 × 3 × 5) / (3 × 3 × 5)

= 2 / 3

7. Find the ratio of the following:

(a) 30 minutes to 1.5 hours

(b) 40 cm to 1.5 m

(c) 55 paise to ₹ 1

(d) 500 ml to 2 litres

Solutions:

(a) 30 minutes to 1.5 hours

30 min = 30 / 60

= 0.5 hours

Required ratio = (0.5 × 1) / (0.5 × 3)

= 1 / 3

(b) 40 cm to 1.5 m

1.5 m = 150 cm

Required ratio = 40 / 150

= 4 / 15

(c) 55 paise to ₹ 1

₹ 1 = 100 paise

Required ratio = 55 / 100 = (11 × 5) / (20 × 5)

= 11 / 20

(d) 500 ml to 2 litres

1 litre = 1000 ml

2 litre = 2000 ml

Required ratio = 500 / 2000 = 5 / 20 = 5 / (5 × 4)

= 1 / 4

8. In a year, Seema earns ₹ 1,50,000 and saves ₹ 50,000. Find the ratio of

(a) Money that Seema earns to the money she saves

(b) Money that she saves to the money she spends.

Solutions:

Money earned by Seema = ₹ 150000

Money saved by her = ₹ 50000

Money spent by her = ₹ 150000 – ₹ 50000 = ₹ 100000

(a) Ratio of money earned to money saved = 150000 / 50000 = 15 / 5

= 3 / 1

(b) Ratio of money saved to money spent = 50000 / 100000 = 5 / 10

= 1 / 2

 

9. There are 102 teachers in a school of 3300 students. Find the ratio of the number of teachers to the number of students.

Solutions:

Given

Number of teachers in the school = 102

Number of students in the school = 3300

The ratio of the number of teachers to the number of students = 102 / 3300

= (2 × 3 × 17) / (2 × 3 × 550)

= 17 / 550

10. In a college, out of 4320 students, 2300 are girls. Find the ratio of

(a) Number of girls to the total number of students.

(b) Number of boys to the number of girls.

(c) Number of boys to the total number of students.

Solutions:

Given

Total number of students = 4320

Number of girls = 2300

Number of boys = 4320 – 2300

= 2020

(a) Ratio of the number of girls to the total number of students = 2300 / 4320

= (2 × 2 × 5 × 115) / (2 × 2 × 5 × 216)

= 115 / 216

(b) Ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls = 2020 / 2300

= (2 × 2 × 5 × 101) / (2 × 2 × 5 × 115)

= 101 / 115

(c) Ratio of the number of boys to the total number of students = 2020 / 4320

= (2 × 2 × 5 × 101) / (2 × 2 × 5 × 216)

= 101 / 216

11. Out of 1800 students in a school, 750 opted for basketball, 800 opted for cricket, and the remaining opted for table tennis. If a student can opt for only one game, find the ratio of

(a) The number of students who opted for basketball to the number of students who opted for table tennis.

(b) The number of students who opted for cricket to the number of students opting for basketball.

(c) The number of students who opted for basketball to the total number of students.

Solutions:

Given,

Number of students in the school = 1800

The number of students who opted for basketball = 750

The number of students who opted for cricket = 800

The number of students who opted for table tennis = 1800 – (750 + 800) = 1800 – 1550 = 250

(a) Ratio of the number of students who opted for basketball to the number of students who opted for table tennis = 750 / 250 = 3 / 1

(b) Ratio of the number of students who opted for cricket to the number of students who opted for basketball

= 800 / 750 = 16 / 15

(c) Ratio of the number of students who opted for basketball to the total number of students

= 750 / 1800 = 25 / 60 = 5 / 12

12. Cost of a dozen pens is ₹ 180, and the cost of 8 ball pens is ₹ 56. Find the ratio of the cost of a pen to the cost of a ball pen.

Solutions:

Cost of a dozen pens = ₹ 180

Cost of 1 pen = 180 / 12

= ₹ 15

Cost of 8 ball pens = ₹ 56

Cost of 1 ball pen = 56 / 8

= ₹ 7

Hence, the required ratio is 15 / 7.

13. Consider the statement: The ratio of breadth and length of a hall is 2:5. Complete the following table that shows some possible breadths and lengths of the hall.

Breadth of the hall (in metres) 10 40
Length of the hall (in metres) 25 50

Solutions:

(i) Length = 50 m

Breadth / 50 = 2 / 5

By cross multiplication

5× breadth = 50 × 2

Breadth = (50 × 2) / 5

= 100 / 5

= 20 m

(ii) Breadth = 40 m

40 / Length = 2 / 5

By cross multiplication

2 × Length = 40 × 5

Length = (40 × 5) / 2

Length = 200 / 2

Length = 100 m

14. Divide 20 pens between Sheela and Sangeeta in a ratio of 3:2.

Solutions:

Terms of 3:2 = 3 and 2

The sum of these terms = 3 + 2

= 5

Now, Sheela will get 3 / 5 of the total pens, and Sangeeta will get 2 / 5 of the total pens

Number of pens with Sheela = 3 / 5 × 20

= 3 × 4

= 12

Number of pens with Sangeeta = 2 / 5 × 20

= 2 × 4

= 8

15. Mother wants to divide ₹ 36 between her daughters Shreya and Bhoomika in the ratio of their ages. If the age of Shreya is 15 years and the age of Bhoomika is 12 years, find how much Shreya and Bhoomika will get.

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Exercise 12.1 - 3

Solutions:

Ratio of ages = 15 / 12

= 5 / 4

Hence, the mother wants to divide ₹ 36 in the ratio of 5:4

Terms of 5:4 are 5 and 4

The sum of these terms = 5 + 4

= 9

Here, Shreya will get 5 / 9 of the total money, and Sangeeta will get 4 / 9 of the total money

The amount Shreya get = 5 / 9 × 36

= 20

The amount Sangeeta get = 4 / 9 × 36

= 16

Therefore, Shreya will get ₹ 20, and Sangeeta will get ₹ 16.

16. Present age of the father is 42 years, and that of his son is 14 years. Find the ratio of

(a) Present age of the father to the present age of the son

(b) Age of the father to the age of the son, when the son was 12 years old

(c) Age of father after 10 years to the age of son after 10 years

(d) Age of father to the age of son when father was 30 years old

Solutions:

(a) Present age of father = 42 years

Present age of son = 14 years

Required ratio 42 / 14

= 3 / 1

(b) 2 years ago, the son was 12 years old. So, 2 years ago, the age of the father was

= 42 – 2 = 40 years

Required ratio = 40 / 12 = (4 × 10) / (4 × 3) = 10 / 3

(c) After ten years, the age of the father = 42 + 10 = 52 years

After 10 years, the age of the son = 14 + 10 = 24 years

Required ratio = 52 / 24 = (4 × 13) / (4 × 6)

= 13 / 6

(d) 12 years ago, the age of the father was 30

At that time, the age of the son = 14 – 12

= 2 years

Required ratio = 30 / 2 = (2 × 15) / 2

= 15 / 1


Exercise 12.2 Page No. 255

1. Determine if the following are in proportion.

(a) 15, 45, 40, 120

(b) 33, 121, 9, 96

(c) 24, 28, 36, 48

(d) 32, 48, 70, 210

(e) 4, 6, 8, 12

(f) 33, 44, 75, 100

Solutions:

(a) 15, 45, 40, 120

15 / 45 = 1 / 3

40 / 120 = 1 / 3

Hence, 15:45 = 40:120

∴ They are in proportion.

(b) 33, 121, 9, 96

33 / 121 = 3 / 11

9 / 96 = 3 / 32

Hence 33:121 ≠ 9: 96

∴ They are not in proportion.

(c) 24, 28, 36, 48

24 / 28 = 6 / 7

36 / 48 = 3 / 4

Hence, 24:28 ≠ 36:48

∴ They are not in proportion.

(d) 32, 48, 70, 210

32 / 48 = 2 / 3

70 / 210 = 1 / 3

Hence, 32:48 ≠ 70:210

∴ They are not in proportion.

(e) 4, 6, 8, 12

4 / 6 = 2 / 3

8 / 12 = 2 / 3

Hence 4: 6 = 8: 12

∴ These are in a proportion

(f) 33, 44, 75, 100

33/ 44 = 3/ 4

75 / 100 = 3 / 4

Hence, 33:44 = 75:100

∴ These are in proportion.

2. Write True (T) or False ( F ) against each of the following statements :

(a) 16:24 :: 20:30

(b) 21:6 :: 35:10

(c) 12:18 :: 28:12

(d) 8:9 :: 24:27

(e) 5.2:3.9 :: 3:4

(f) 0.9:0.36 :: 10:4

Solutions:

(a) 16:24 :: 20:30

16 / 24 = 2 / 3

20 / 30 = 2 / 3

Hence, 16:24 = 20:30

Therefore, True.

(b) 21:6 :: 35:10

21 / 6 = 7 / 2

35 / 10 = 7 / 2

Hence, 21:6 = 35:10

Therefore, True.

(c) 12:18 :: 28:12

12 / 18 = 2 / 3

28 / 12 = 7 / 3

Hence, 12:18 ≠ 28:12

Therefore, False,

(d) 8:9:: 24:27

We know that = 24 / 27 = (3 × 8) / (3 × 9)

= 8 / 9

Hence, 8:9 = 24:27

Therefore, True.

(e) 5.2:3.9 :: 3: 4

As 5.2 / 3.9 = 4 / 3

Hence, 5.2: 3.9 ≠ 3: 4

Therefore, False,

(f) 0.9:0.36 :: 10:4

0.9 / 0.36 = 90 / 36

= 10 / 4

Hence, 0.9: 0.36 = 10: 4

Therefore, True,

3. Are the following statements true?

(a) 40 persons: 200 persons = ₹ 15 : ₹ 75

(b) 7.5 litres: 15 litres = 5 kg : 10 kg

(c) 99 kg: 45 kg = ₹ 44 : ₹ 20

(d) 32 m: 64 m = 6 sec : 12 sec

(e) 45 km : 60 km = 12 hours : 15 hours

Solutions:

(a) 40 persons : 200 persons = ₹ 15 : ₹ 75

40 / 200 = 1 / 5

15 / 75 = 1 / 5

Hence, True.

(b) 7.5 litres : 15 litres = 5 kg : 10 kg

7.5 / 15 = 1 / 2

5 / 10 = 1 / 2

Hence, True.

(c) 99 kg : 45 kg = ₹ 44 : ₹ 20

99 / 45 = 11 / 5

44 / 20 = 11 / 5

Hence, True.

(d) 32 m : 64 m = 6 sec : 12 sec

32 / 64 = 1 / 2

6 / 12 = 1 / 2

Hence, True.

(e) 45 km : 60 km = 12 hours : 15 hours

45 / 60 = 3 / 4

12 / 15 = 4 / 5

Hence, False.

4. Determine if the following ratios form a proportion. Also, write the middle terms and extreme terms where the ratios form a proportion.

(a) 25 cm : 1 m and ₹ 40 : ₹ 160

(b) 39 litres : 65 litres and 6 bottles : 10 bottles

(c) 2 kg : 80 kg and 25 g : 625 g

(d) 200 mL : 2.5 litre and ₹ 4 : ₹ 50

Solutions:

(a) 25 cm : 1 m and ₹ 40 : ₹ 160

25 cm = 25 / 100 m

= 0.25 m

0.25 / 1 = 1 / 4

40 / 160 = 1 / 4

Yes, these are in proportion.

Middle terms are 1 m, ₹ 40, and extreme terms are 25 cm, ₹ 160.

(b) 39 litres : 65 litres and 6 bottles : 10 bottles

39 / 65 = 3 /5

6 / 10 = 3 / 5

Yes, these are in proportion.

Middle terms are 65 litres, 6 bottles, and extreme terms are 39 litres, 10 bottles.

(c) 2 kg : 80 kg and 25 g : 625 g

2 / 80 = 1 / 40

25 / 625 = 1 / 25

No, these are not in proportion.

(d) 200 mL : 2.5 litre and ₹ 4 : ₹ 50

1 litre = 1000 ml

2.5 litre = 2500 ml

200 / 2500 = 2 / 25

4 / 50 = 2 / 25

Yes, these are in proportion.

Middle terms are 2.5 litres, ₹ 4 and extreme terms are 200 ml, ₹ 50.


Exercise 12.3 Page No. 259

1. If the cost of 7 m of cloth is ₹ 1470, find the cost of 5 m of cloth.

Solutions:

Given

Cost of 7 m cloth = ₹ 1470

Cost of 1 m cloth = 1470 / 7

= ₹ 210

So, cost of 5 cloth = 210 × 5 = 1050

∴ The cost of 5 m cloth is ₹ 1050.

2. Ekta earns ₹ 3000 in 10 days. How much will she earn in 30 days?

Solutions:

Money earned by Ekta in 10 days = ₹ 3000

Money earned by her in one day = 3000 / 10

= ₹ 300

So, money earned by her in 30 days = 300 × 30

= ₹ 9000.

3. If it has rained 276 mm in the last 3 days, how many cm of rain will fall in one full week (7 days)? Assume that the rain continues to fall at the same rate.

Solutions:

The measure of rain in 3 days = 276 mm

The measure of rain in one day = 276 / 3

= 92 mm

So, the measure of rain in one week, i.e. 7 days = 92 × 7

= 644 mm

= 644 / 10

= 64.4 cm

4. Cost of 5 kg of wheat is ₹ 91.50.

(a) What will be the cost of 8 kg of wheat?

(b) What quantity of wheat can be purchased for ₹ 183?

Solutions:

(a) Cost of 5 kg wheat = ₹ 91.50.

Cost of 1 kg wheat = 91.50 / 5

= ₹ 18.3

So, the cost of 8 kg wheat = 18.3 × 8

= ₹ 146.40

(b) Wheat purchased for ₹ 91.50 = 5 kg

Wheat purchased for ₹ 1 = 5 / 91.50 kg

So, wheat purchased for ₹ 183 = (5 / 91.50) × 183

= 10 kg

5. The temperature dropped 150 C in the last 30 days. If the rate of temperature drop remains the same, how many degrees will the temperature drop in the next ten days?

Solutions:

Temperature drop in 30 days = 150 C

Temperature drop in 1 day = 15 / 30

= (1 / 2)0 C

So, the temperature drop in next 10 days = (1 / 2) × 10

= 50 C

∴ The temperature drop in the next 10 days will be 50 C

6. Shaina pays ₹ 15000 as rent for 3 months. How much does she have to pay for a whole year if the rent per month remains the same?

Solutions:

Rent paid by Shaina in 3 months = ₹ 15000

Rent for 1 month = 15000 / 3

= ₹ 5000

So, rent for 12 months, i.e. 1 year = 5000 × 12

= ₹ 60,000

∴ Rent paid by Shaina in 1 year is ₹ 60,000

7. Cost of 4 dozen bananas is ₹ 180. How many bananas can be purchased for ₹ 90?

Solutions:

Number of bananas bought  for ₹ 180 = 4 dozens

= 4 × 12

= 48 bananas

Number of bananas bought for ₹ 1 = 48 / 180

So, number of bananas bought for ₹ 90 = (48 / 180) × 90

= 24 bananas

∴ 24 bananas can be purchased for ₹ 90

8. The weight of 72 books is 9 kg. What is the weight of 40 such books?

Solutions:

Weight of 72 books = 9 kg

Weight of 1 book = 9 / 72

= 1 / 8 kg

So, weight of 40 books = (1 / 8) × 40

= 5 kg

∴ The weight of 40 books is 5 kg.

9. A truck requires 108 litres of diesel to cover a distance of 594 km. How much diesel will be required by the truck to cover a distance of 1650 km?

Solutions:

Diesel required for 594 km = 108 litres

Diesel required for 1 km = 108 / 594

= 2 / 11 litre

So, diesel required for 1650 km = (2 / 11) × 1650

= 300 litres

∴ The diesel required by the truck to cover a distance of 1650 km is 300 litres.

10. Raju purchases 10 pens for ₹ 150, and Manish buys 7 pens for ₹ 84. Can you say who got the pens cheaper?

Solutions:

Pens purchased by Raju for ₹ 150 = 10 pens

Cost of 1 pen = 150 / 10

= ₹ 15

Pens purchased by Manish for ₹ 84 = 7 pens

Cost of 1 pen = 84 / 7

= ₹ 12

∴ Pens purchased by Manish are cheaper than those of Raju.

11. Anish made 42 runs in 6 overs, and Anup made 63 runs in 7 overs. Who made more runs per over?

Solutions:

Runs made by Anish in 6 overs = 42

Runs made by Anish in 1 over = 42 / 6

= 7

Runs made by Anup in 7 overs = 63

Runs made by Anup in 1 over = 63 / 7

= 9

∴ Anup scored more runs than Anish.


Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12

Q1

Explain the golden ratio covered in Chapter 12 of NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths.

Two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities.
Q2

What are equivalent ratios covered in Chapter 12 of NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths?

When the given ratios are equal, then these ratios are called equivalent ratios. Equivalent ratios can be obtained by multiplying and dividing the numerator and denominator with the same number. For example, ratios 10:30 (=1:3) and 11:33 (=1:3) are equivalent ratios.
Q3

Where can I get the NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12?

NCERT Solutions, available at BYJU’S, is the best reference guide for students to score well in the annual exam. These solutions contain detailed explanations for each and every concept covered in the chapter. Students who find it difficult to solve exercise-wise problems can access the solutions which are available online to get their doubts cleared instantly. Also, they can download these NCERT Class 6 Maths solutions in PDF for free and practise without any time constraints. The chapter-wise and exercise-wise solutions are created by the subject-matter experts at BYJU’S with the aim of helping students irrespective of their intelligence quotient.

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