NCERT Solution for Class 11 Accountancy Chapter 9 - Financial Statements - 1

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NCERT Solution for Class 11 Commerce Accountancy Chapter 9 – Financial Statements – 1 provides students with all-inclusive data for all the concepts covered in the chapter. As the students have to learn the basic fundamentals of the subject, the Class 11 NCERT Solutions is a comprehensive study material which explains the concepts in a detailed way.

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Short Answers for NCERT Accountancy Solutions Class 11 Chapter 9

1. What are the objectives of preparing financial statements?

Financial statements are prepared with the following objectives:

1. Determine the financial position of a business.

2. Ascertain the financial performance of the business.

3. To measure the changes in the financial position of a business.

4. To compare the financial performance of business both intra and inter-firm wise.

2. What is the purpose of preparing the trading and profit and loss accounts?

The trading account is prepared for the following purposes:

1. To determine the gross profit or loss in a financial year or period.

2. Determine the ratio of gross profit to sales.

3. To determine the ratio of direct expense to sales.

The profit and loss account is prepared for the following purposes:

1. Determining net profit or loss incurred by the business.

2. To comply with statutory requirements such as the Company Act or Partnership Act.

3. Explain the concept of the cost of goods sold.

The costs incurred in the production of goods that are sold by the company is known as the Cost of Goods Sold or COGS

No goods left out: In this case, all goods are sold out. Hence, it can be calculated as follows:

Cost of goods sold = Purchases + Direct Expenses

Presence of a closing stock: There can be some stock that is yet to get sold at the end of the accounting period. At that time, it can be calculated as follows:

Cost of goods sold = Purchases + Direct Expenses – Closing Stock

Presence of an opening stock: Stock that is carried forward at the beginning of the accounting period from the previous accounting period is considered as opening stock and is calculated as follows:

Cost of goods sold = Opening Stock + Purchases + Direct Expenses – Closing Stock

4. What is a balance sheet? What are its characteristics?

A statement prepared to determine the assets and values of a business on a particular date is known as a balance sheet. Debits represent the assets, while credits signify the liabilities.

It has the following characteristics:

1. It reflects the financial position of a business.

2. It is dependent on other statements, such as trading and P & L account.

3. It is prepared at the end of an accounting period.

4. The balance of both sides should tally.

5. Distinguish between capital and revenue expenditure and state whether the following statements are items of capital or revenue expenditure:

(a) Expenditure incurred on repairs and whitewashing at the time of purchase of an old building in order to make it usable.

(b) Expenditure incurred to provide one more exit in a cinema hall in compliance with a government order.

(c) Registration fees paid at the time of purchase of a building

(d) Expenditure incurred in the maintenance of a tea garden which will produce tea after four years.

(e) Depreciation charged on a plant.

(f) The expenditure incurred in erecting a platform on which a machine will be fixed.

(g) Advertising expenditure, the benefits of which will last for four years.

Basis of Difference Capital Expenditure Revenue Expenditure
Meaning Expenditure beared for acquiring or improving an asset. Expenses beared for running daily business activities
Term Long-term can span many accounting periods Short-term limited to an accounting period
Benefits Benefits can be achieved across many accounting periods Benefits can be availed only in the current year
Nature Non-recurring Recurring
Shown in It is shown in the income statement and balance sheet It is shown in the income statement

 

(a) Capital expenditure

(b) Revenue expenditure

(c) Capital expenditure

(d) Capital expenditure

(e) Revenue expenditure

(f) Capital expenditure

(g) Deferred revenue expenditure

6. What is an operating profit?

Operating profit, referred to as EBIT, is an accounting metric that measures the profits a company generates from its core business functions. It does not take into account interest deduction and the exclusion of tax from the calculation.

The following equation is used to calculate the operating profit:

Operating Profit = Net Profit + Non-operating Expenses – Non-operating Incomes

Long Answers for NCERT Accountancy Solutions Class 11 Chapter 9

1. What are financial statements? What information do they provide?

Statements that contain financial information about a business which can satisfy the information requirements of internal and external users are known as financial statements. It serves as a source of financial information that caters to the diverse information requirement of users. It is prepared with the purpose of representing a true and fair view of the business.

To do so, it requires the creation of three statements, namely, trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet.

The financial statements are related to gross/net profit or loss, assets and liabilities. The users of information can be the following:

Current owners: These internal users would like to know the profits in the previous accounting period and the current position of the assets and liabilities.

Government: Government is an external user and wants to know the financial position of a business so that stakeholders’ rights are protected.

Prospective owner: These external users would like to know the past profits and financial position and also the future performance of the business to make an informed decision about whether to invest in the business or not.

2. What are closing entries? Give four examples of closing entries.

A journal entry that is made at the end of an accounting period that transfers balances from the temporary accounts to a permanent account is known as closing entries. Some examples are as follows:

1. The purchase returns are closed by transferring the balance to the purchase account, and the following entries are made:

Purchases return A/c

Dr

To Purchases A/c

2. Sales return account is closed by transfer of the balance to the sales account, and entries will be as follows:

Sales A/c

Dr

To Sales return A/c

3. Purchases account closed by transferring to the debit side of trading and P & L Account, and entries will be as follows:

Trading A/c

Dr

To Purchases A/c

4. Sales account closed by transferring the balance to the credit side of trading and P & L account, and entries will be as follows:

Sales A/c

Dr.

To Trading A/c

3. Discuss the need to prepare a balance sheet.

A balance sheet needs to be prepared due to following reasons:

1. To show the financial position of a business.

2. To show much assets and liabilities a business has.

3. It serves as an information source for internal and external users.

4. It acts as a reference for balances that need to be carried forward.

5. To gather an idea about the liquidity of the firm or business.

6. Helps management in planning and controlling business operations.

4. What is meant by grouping and marshalling of assets and liabilities? Explain the ways in which a balance sheet may be marshalled.

Grouping refers to including assets and liabilities of similar nature under a common heading. For example, different types of creditors can be placed in one heading. Similarly, work in progress, raw material and finished goods can be placed.

Marshalling refers to the arranging of assets and liabilities in order of liquidity and permanence.

In order of liquidity: It shows how easily an asset can be converted into cash or a liability can be paid off. The asset examples are arranged as follows:

1. Cash

2. Bank

3. Debtors

In order of permanence: In this system, the most important asset or liability gets the top position in the balance sheet, and the remaining assets are arranged in the reducing level of permanence. For example,

1. Debtors

2. Bank

3. Cash

Similarly, liabilities in order of permanence are as follows:

1. Capital

2. Long-term loan

3. Creditors

Numerical Answers for NCERT Accountancy Solutions Class 11 Chapter 9

1. Calculate the gross profit from the following balances taken from the books of Simmi and Vimmi Ltd. for the year ending March 31, 2017.

₹

Closing stock  2,50,000

Net sales during the year 40,00,000

Net purchases during the year 15,00,000

Opening stock 15,00,000

Direct expenses 80,000

The gross profit can be calculated as given below:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 15,00,000 Net Sales 40,00,000
Net Purchases 15,00,000 Closing Stock 2,50,000
Direct Expenses 80,000
Gross Profit 11,70,000
42,50,000 42,50,000

Therefore, the Gross Profit is ₹ 11,70,000.

2. From the following balances extracted from the books of M/s Ahuja and Nanda, calculate the amount of:

(a) Cost of goods available for sale

(b) Cost of goods sold during the year

(c) Gross Profit

₹

Opening stock 25,000

Credit purchases 7,50,000

Cash purchases 3,00,000

Credit sales 12,00,000

Cash sales 4,00,000

Wages 1,00,000

Salaries 1,40,000

Closing stock 30,000

Sales return 50,000

Purchases return 10,000

a) Cost of Goods Sold Available for Sales

Or

Cost of Goods Manufactured = Opening Stock + Net Purchases + Wages

= 25,000 + 10, 40,000 + 1, 00,000

= ₹ 11, 65,000

(b) Cost of Goods Sold = Opening Stock + Net Purchases + Wages – Closing Stock

= 25,000 + 10, 40,000 + 1, 00,000 – 30,000

= ₹ 11, 35,000

Or

Cost of Goods Sold = Net Sales – Gross Profit

= 15, 50,000 – 4, 15,000

= ₹ 11, 35,000

(c) Gross Profit

Trading Account
Dr. Cr.
Particulars  Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 25,000 Sales
Purchases Add: Credit Sales 12,00,000
Add: Credit Purchases 7,50,000 Add: Cash Sales 4,00,000
Add: Cash Purchases 3,00,000 16,00,000
10,50,000 Less: Sales Return (50,000) 15,50,000
Less: Purchases Return (10,000) 10,40,000
Wages 1,00,000 Closing Stock 30,000
Gross Profit 4,15,000
15,80,000 15,80,000

3. Calculate the amount of gross profit and operating profit on the basis of the following balances extracted from the books of M/s Rajiv and Sons for the year ended March 31, 2017.

₹

Opening stock 50,000

Net sales 11,00,000

Net purchases 6,00,000

Direct expenses 60,000

Administration expenses 45,000

Selling and distribution expenses 65,000

Loss due to fire 20,000

Closing stock 70,000

The solution is as follows:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 50,000 Net Sales 11,00,000
Net Purchases 6,00,000 Closing Stock 70,000
Direct Expenses 60,000
Gross Profit 4,60,000
11,70,000 11,70,000
Operating Profit = Sales – (Opening Stock + Net Purchases + Direct Expenses + Administration Expenses +

Selling and Distribution Expenses) + Closing Stock

  = 11,00,000 – (50,000 + 6,00,000 + 60,000 + 45,000 + 65,000) + 70,000
  = ₹ 3,50,000

4. Operating profit earned by M/s Arora and Sachdeva in 2016-17 was ₹ 17, 00,000. Its non-operating incomes were ₹ 1, 50,000 and non-operating expenses were ₹ 3, 75,000. Calculate the amount of net profit earned by the firm.

Net Profit = Operating Profit + Non-operating Income – Non-operating Expenses

= 17, 00,000 + 1, 50,000 – 3, 75,000

= ₹ 14, 75,000

Therefore, the net profit earned by M/S Arora and Sachdeva in 2016–17 is ₹ 14, 75,000.

5. The following are the extracts from the trial balance of M/s Bhola and Sons as on March 31, 2017.

Account title Debit

₹

Credit

₹

Opening Stock 2,00,000  
Purchases 8,10,000  
Sales   10,10,000
  10,10,000 10,10,000
     

(Only relevant items)

The closing Stock as on date was valued at ₹ 3,00,000.

You are required to record the necessary journal entries and show how the above items will appear in the trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet of M/s Bhola and Sons.

Books of M/s Bhola and Sons

Journal

Date Particulars L.F. Debit

Amount

₹

Credit Amount ₹
2017    
Mar. 31 Trading A/c Dr. 10,10,000  
To Opening Stock A/c 2,00,000
To Purchases A/c 8,10,000
(Balances from Purchases Account and Stock Account

transferred to Trading Account)

Mar. 31 Sales A/c Dr. 10,10,000
Closing Stock A/c 3,00,000
To Trading A/c 13,10,000
(Balance from sales and closing stock transferred

to Trading Account)

 
Mar.31 Trading A/c Dr. 3,00,000
To Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) A/c 3,00,000
(Balance of Trading Account (gross profit) transferred

to Profit and Loss Account)

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 2,00,000 Sales 10,10,000
Purchases 8,10,000 Closing Stock 3,00,000
Profit and Loss A/c – Gross Profit 3,00,000
13,10,000 13,10,000
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Closing Stock 3,00,000

6. Prepare trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet as on March 31, 2017:

Account Title Amount

₹

Account Title Amount

₹

Machinery 27,000 Capital 60,000
Sundry debtors 21,600 Bills payable 2,800
Drawings 2,700 Sundry creditors 1,400
Purchases 58,500 Sales 73,500
Wages 15,000    
Sundry expenses 600    
Rent and taxes 1,350    
Carriage inwards 450    
Bank 4,500    
Openings stock 6,000    

The closing stock, as on March 31, 2017, is ₹ 22,400

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared as follows:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 6,000 Sales 73,500
Purchases 58,500 Closing Stock 22,400
Wages 15,000
Carriage Inwards 450
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 15,950
95,900 95,900
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Sundry Expenses 600 Trading (Gross Profit) 15,950
Rent and Taxes 1,350
Net Profit 14,000
15,950 15,950
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 60,000 Fixed Assets 
Add: Net Profit 14,000 Machinery 27,000
74,000
Less: Drawings 2,700 71,300 Current Assets 
Bank 4,500
Sundry Creditors 1,400 Closing Stock 22,400
Bills Payable 2,800 Sundry Debtors 21,600
75,500 75,500

7. The following trial balance was extracted from the books of M/s Ram on March 31, 2017. You are required to prepare trading and profit and loss account and the balance sheet as on date:

 

Account Title Amount

₹

Account Title Amount ₹
Debtors 12,000 Apprenticeship premium 5,000
Purchases 50,000 Loan 10,000
Coal, gas and water 6,000 Bank overdraft 1,000
Factory wages 11,000 Sales 80,000
Salaries 9,000 Creditors 13,000
Rent 4,000 Capital 20,000
Discount 3,000    
Advertisement 500    
Drawings 1,000    
Loan 6,000    
Petty cash 500    
Sales return 1,000    
Machinery 5,000    
Land and building 10,000    
Income tax 100    
Furniture 9,900    

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared as follows:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr.  Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Purchases 50,000 Sales 80,000
Coal, Gas and Water 6,000 Less: Sales Return 1,000 79,000
Factory Wages 11,000
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 12,000
79,000 79,000
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Salaries 9,000 Trading (Gross Profit) 12,000
Rent 4,000 Apprenticeship Premium 5,000
Discount 3,000
Advertisement 500
Net Profit 500
17,000 17,000
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 20,000 Machinery 5,000
Add: Profit and Loss (Net Profit) 500 Land and Building 10,000
20,500 Furniture 9,900
Less: Drawings (1,000) Loan (Given) 6,000
Less: Income Tax (100) 19,400 Debtors 12,000
Petty Cash 500
Loan (Taken) 10,000
Creditors 13,000
Bank Overdraft 1,000
43,400 43,400

8. The following is the trial balance of Manju Chawla on March 31, 2017. You are required to prepare a trading and profit and loss account and a balance sheet as on date:

Account Title Debit Amount ₹ Credit Amount ₹
Opening stock 10,000  
Purchases and sales 40,000 80,000
Returns 200 600
Productive wages 6,000  
Dock and Clearing charges 4,000  
Donation and charity 600  
Delivery van expenses 6,000  
Lighting 500  
Sales tax collected   1,000
Bad debts 600  
Misc. incomes   6,000
Rent from tenants   2,000
Royalty 4,000  
Capital   40,000
Drawings 2,000  
Debtors and Creditors 6,000 7,000
Cash 3,000  
Investment 6,000  
Patents 4,000  
Land and Machinery 43,000  

 The closing stock is ₹ 2,000.

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared as follows:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 10,000 Sales 80,000
Purchases 40,000 Less: Sales Returns (200) 79,800
Less: Purchases Returns (600) 39,400
Productive Wages 6,000 Closing Stock 2,000
Dock and Clearing Charges 4,000
Royalty 4,000
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 18,400
81,800 81,800
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Donation and Charity 600 Trading (Gross Profit) 18,400
Delivery Van Expenses 6,000 Misc. Incomes 6,000
Lighting 500 Rent from Tenants 2,000
Bad Debts 600
Net Profit 18,700
26,400 26,400
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 40,000 Patents 4,000
Add: Profit and Loss (Net Profit) 18,700 Land and Machinery 43,000
58,700 Investment 6,000
Less: Drawings (2,000) 56,700 Debtors 6,700
Cash 3,000
Sales Tax Collected 1,000 Closing Stock 2,000
Creditors 7,000
64,700 64,700

9. The following is the Trial Balance of Mr. Deepak as on March 31, 2017. You are required to prepare the trading account, profit and loss account and balance sheet as on date:

Account Title Debit Amount ₹ Account Title Credit Amount ₹
Drawings 36,000 Capital 2,50,000
Insurance 3,000 Bills payable 3,600
General expenses 29,000 Creditors 50,000
Rent and taxes 14,400 Discount received 10,400
Lighting (factory) 2,800 Purchases return 8,000
Travelling expenses 7,400 Sales 4,40,000
Cash in hand 12,600    
Bills receivable 5,000    
Sundry debtors 1,04,000    
Furniture 16,000    
Plant and machinery 1,80,000    
Opening stock 40,000    
Purchases 1,60,000    
Sales return 6,000    
Carriage inwards 7,200    
Carriage outwards 1,600    
Wages 84,000    
Salaries 53,000    

The closing stock is ₹ 35,000.

The trading account, profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared below:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 40,000 Sales 4,40,000
Purchases 1,60,000 Less: Sales Return 6,000 4,34,000
Less: Purchases Return (8,000) 1,52,000 Closing Stock 35,000
Lighting (Factory) 2,800
Carriage Inwards 7,200
Wages 84,000
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 1,83,000
4,69,000 4,69,000
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Insurance 3,000 Trading (Gross Profit) 1,83,000
General Expenses 29,000 Discount Received 10,400
Rent and Taxes 14,400
Travelling Expenses 7,400
Carriage Outwards 1,600
Salaries 53,000
Net Profit 85,000
1,93,400 1,93,400
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 2,50,000 Plant and Machinery 1,80,000
Add: Net Profit 85,000 Furniture 16,000
3,35,000 Sundry Debtors 1,04,000
Less: Drawings (36,000) 2,99,000 Closing Stock 35,000
Bills Receivable 5,000
Creditors 50,000 Cash in Hand 12,600
Bills Payable 3,600
3,52,600 3,52,600

10. Prepare trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet from the following particulars as on March 31, 2017.

Account Title Debit Amount ₹ Credit Amount ₹
Purchases and sales 3,52,000 5,60,000
Return inwards and return outwards 9,600 12,000
Carriage inwards 7,000  
Carriage outwards 3,360  
Fuel and power 24,800  
Opening stock 57,600  
Bad debts 9,950  
Debtors and creditors 1,31,200 48,000
Capital   3,48,000
Investment 32,000  
Interest on investment   3,200
Loan   16,000
Repairs 2,400  
General expenses 17,000  
Wages and salaries 28,800  
Land and buildings 2,88,000  
Cash in hand 32,000  
Miscellaneous receipts   160
Sales tax collected   8,350

The closing stock is ₹ 30,000.

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet for the question are posted below:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 57,600 Sales 5,60,000
Purchases 3,52,000 Less: Return Inwards (9,600) 5,50,400
Less: Return Outwards (12,000) 3,40,000 Closing Stock 30,000
Carriage Inwards 7,000
Fuel and Power 24,800
Wages and Salaries 28,800
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 1,22,200
5,80,400 5,80,400
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Carriage Outwards 3,360 Trading (Gross Profit) 1,22,200
Bad Debts 9,950 Interest on Investment 3,200
Repairs 2,400 Miscellaneous Receipts 160
General Expenses 17,000
Net Profit 92,850
1,25,560 1,25,560
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 3,48,000 Land and Building 2,88,000
Add: Net Profit 92,850 4,40,850 Investment 32,000
Debtors 1,31,200
Loan 16,000 Closing Stock 30,000
Creditors 48,000 Cash in Hand 32,000
Sales Tax Collected 8,350
5,13,200 5,13,200

11. From the following trial balance of Mr. A. Lal, prepare trading, profit and loss account and balance sheet as on March 31, 2017.

Account Title Debit Amount ₹ Credit Amount ₹
Stock as on April 01, 2016 16,000  
Purchases and Sales 67,600 1,12,000
Returns inwards and outwards 4,600 3,200
Carriage inwards 1,400  
General expenses 2,400  
Bad debts 600  
Discount received   1,400
Bank overdraft   10,000
Interest on bank overdraft 600  
Commission received   1,800
Insurance and taxes 4,000  
Scooter expenses 200  
Salaries 8,800  
Cash in hand 4,000  
Scooter 8,000  
Furniture 5,200  
Building 65,000  
Debtors and creditors 6,000 16,000
Capital   50,000

The closing stock is ₹ 15,000.

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet for the question are posted below:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 16,000 Sales 1,12,000
Purchases 67,600 Less: Sales Return Inwards (4,600) 1,07,400
Less: Return Outwards (3,200) 64,400 Closing Stock 15,000
Carriage Inwards 1,400
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 40,600
1,22,400 1,22,400
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

General Expenses 2,400 Trading (Gross Profit) 40,600
Bad Debts 600 Discount Received 1,400
Interest on Bank Overdraft 600 Commission Received 1,800
Insurance and Taxes 4,000
Scooter Expenses 200
Salaries 8,800
Net Profit 27,200
43,800 43,800
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 50,000 Building 65,000
Add: Net Profit 27,200 77,200 Furniture 5,200
Scooter 8,000
Creditors 16,000 Debtors 6,000
Bank Overdraft 10,000 Closing Stock 15,000
Cash in Hand 4,000
1,03,200 1,03,200

12. Prepare trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet of M/s Royal Traders from the following balances as on March 31, 2017.

Debit Balances Amount ₹ Credit Balances Amount ₹
Stock 20,000 Sales 2,45,000
Cash 5,000 Creditors 10,000
Bank 10,000 Bills payable 4,000
Carriage on purchases 1,500 Capital 2,00,000
Purchases 1,90,000    
Drawings 9,000    
Wages 55,000    
Machinery 1,00,000    
Debtors 27,000    
Postage 300    
Sundry expenses 1,700    
Rent 4,500    
Furniture 35,000    

The closing stock is ₹ 8,000.

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared below:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 20,000 Sales 2,45,000
Purchases 1,90,000 Closing Stock 8,000
Carriage on Purchases 1,500 Profit and Loss (Gross Loss) 13,500
Wages 55,000
2,66,500 2,66,500
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Trading (Gross Loss) 13,500
Postage 300
Sundry Expenses 1,700
Rent 4,500 Net Loss 20,000
20,000 20,000
Balance Sheet of M/s Royal Traders as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 2,00,000 Machinery 1,00,000
Less: Net Loss (20,000) Furniture 35,000
Less: Drawings (9,000) 1,71,000 Debtors 27,000
Closing Stock 8,000
Creditors 10,000 Bank 10,000
Bills Payable 4,000 Cash 5,000
1,85,000 1,85,000

13. Prepare trading and profit and loss accounts from the following particulars of M/s Neema Traders as on March 31, 2017.

Account Title Debit Amount
₹
Account Title Credit Amount
₹
Buildings 23,000 Sales 1,80,000
Plant 16,930 Loan 8,000
Carriage inwards 1,000 Bills payable 2,520
Wages 3,300 Bank overdraft 4,720
Purchases 1,64,000 Creditors 8,000
Sales return 1,820 Capital 2,36,000
Opening stock 9,000 Purchases return 1,910
Machinery 2,10,940    
Insurance 1,610    
Interest 1,100    
Bad debts 250    
Postage 300    
Discount 1,000    
Salaries 3,000    
Debtors 3,900    

The stock on March 31, 2017, is ₹ 16,000.

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared below:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Opening Stock 9,000 Sales 1,80,000
Purchases 1,64,000 Less: Sales Return (1,820) 1,78,180
Less: Purchases Return (1,910) 1,62,090 Closing Stock 16,000
Carriage Inwards 1,000
Wages 3,300
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 18,790
1,94,180 1,94,180
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Insurance 1,610 Trading (Gross Profit) 18,790
Interest 1,100
Bad Debts 250
Postage 300
Discount 1,000
Salaries 3,000
Net Profit 11,530
18,790 18,790
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount
₹
Capital 2,36,000 Building 23,000
Add: Net Profit 11,530 2,47,530 Plant 16,930
Machinery 2,10,940
Loan 8,000 Debtors 3,900
Creditors 8,000 Closing Stock 16,000
Bills Payable 2,520
Bank Overdraft 4,720
2,70,770 2,70,770

14. From the following balances of M/s Nilu Sarees as on March 31, 2017, prepare trading and profit and loss accounts and balance sheet as on date.

Account Title Debit Amount ₹ Account Title Credit Amount
₹
Opening stock 10,000 Sales 2,28,000
Purchases 78,000 Capital 70,000
Carriage inwards 2,500 Interest 7,000
Salaries 30,000 Commission 8,000
Commission 10,000 Creditors 28,000
Wages 11,000 Bills payable 2,370
Rent and taxes 2,800    
Repairs 5,000    
Telephone expenses 1,400    
Legal charges 1,500    
Sundry expenses 2,500    
cash in hand 12,000    
Debtors 30,000    
Machinery 60,000    
Investments 90,000    
Drawings 18,000    

 The closing stock, as on March 31, 2017, is ₹ 22,000.

Trading Account of M/s Nilu Sarees as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 10,000 Sales 2,28,000
Purchases 78,000 Closing Stock 22,000
Carriage Inwards 2,500
Wages 11,000
Profit and Loss (Gross Profit) 1,48,500
2,50,000 2,50,000
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Salaries 30,000 Trading (Gross Profit) 1,48,500
Commission 10,000 Interest 7,000
Rent and Taxes 2,800 Commission 8,000
Repairs 5,000
Telephone Expenses 1,400
Legal Charges 1,500
Sundry Expenses 2,500
Net Profit 1,10,300
1,63,500 1,63,500
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 70,000 Machinery 60,000
Add: Net Profit 1,10,300 Investments 90,000
1,80,300 Debtors 30,000
Less: Drawings (18,000) 1,62,300 Closing Stock 22,000
Cash in Hand 12,000
Creditors 28,000
Bills Payable 2,370
Suspense 21,330
2,14,000 2,14,000

15. Prepare the trading and profit and loss accounts of M/s Sports Equipments for the year ended March 31, 2017, and the balance sheet as on the same date.

Account Title Debit Amount
₹
Credit Amount
₹
Opening stock 50,000  
Purchases and sales 3,50,000 4,21,000
Sales returns 5,000  
Capital   3,00,000
Commission   4,000
Creditors   1,00,000
Bank overdraft   28,000
Cash in hand 32,000  
Furniture 1,28,000  
Debtors 1,40,000  
Plants 60,000  
Carriage on purchases 12,000  
Wages 8,000  
Rent 15,000  
Bad debts 7,000  
Drawings 24,000  
Stationery 6,000  
Travelling expenses 2,000  
Insurance 7,000  
Discount 5,000  
Office expenses 2,000  

The closing stock as on March 31, 2017, is ₹ 2,500.

The trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared below:

Trading Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr.  Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Opening Stock 50,000 Sales 4,21,000
Purchases 3,50,000 Less: Sales Return 5,000 4,16,000
Carriage on Purchases 12,000 Closing Stock 2,500
Wages 8,000 Profit and Loss (Gross Loss) 1,500
4,20,000 4,20,000
Profit and Loss Account as on March 31, 2017
Dr. Cr.
Particulars Amount

₹

Particulars Amount

₹

Trading (Gross Loss) 1,500 Commission 4,000
Rent 15,000 Net Loss 41,500
Bad Debts 7,000
Stationery 6,000
Travelling Expenses 2,000
Insurance 7,000
Discount 5,000
Office Expenses 2,000
45,500 45,500
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017
Liabilities Amount

₹

Assets Amount

₹

Capital 3,00,000 Plants 60,000
Less: Net Loss (41,500) Furniture 1,28,000
Less: Drawings (24,000) 2,34,500 Debtors 1,40,000
Closing Stock 2,500
Creditors 1,00,000 Cash in Hand 32,000
Bank Overdraft 28,000
3,62,500 3,62,500

Concepts covered in this chapter are listed below:

  • Stakeholders and Their Information Requirements
  • Distinction between Capital and Revenue
  • Expenditure
  • Receipts
  • Importance of Distinction between Capital and Revenue
  • Financial Statements
  • Trading and Profit and Loss Account
  • Relevant Items in Trading and Profit and Loss Account
  • Closing Entries

Conclusion

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Accountancy Chapter 9 provides a wide range of illustrative examples, which assist the students in comprehending and learning quickly. The above-mentioned are the solutions for the Class 11 Accountancy Chapter 9, as per the CBSE syllabus. For more solutions and study materials of NCERT solutions for Class 11 Accountancy, visit BYJU’S or download BYJU’S – The Learning App for more information.

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