NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 – Free PDF Download

*According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 4.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations are prepared by the expert teachers at BYJU’S. These NCERT Solutions of Maths help students in solving problems quickly, accurately and efficiently. Also, BYJU’S provides step-by-step solutions for all NCERT problems, thereby ensuring students understand them and clear their board exams with flying colours.
The chapter Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations is categorised under the CBSE Syllabus for 2023-24 and includes different critical Mathematical theorems and formulae. The NCERT textbook has many practice problems to cover all these concepts, which would help students easily understand higher concepts in future. BYJU’S provides solutions for all these problems with proper explanations. These NCERT Solutions from BYJU’S help students who aim to clear their exams even with last-minute preparations. However, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths are focused on mastering the concepts along with gaining broader knowledge.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

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Access answers of Maths NCERT Class 11 Chapter 5 – Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

Access the exercises of Maths NCERT Class 11 Chapter 5

Exercise 5.1 Solutions 14 Questions
Exercise 5.2 Solutions 8 Questions
Exercise 5.3 Solutions 10 Questions
Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 5 Solutions 20 Questions; the summarisation of the topics discussed in Chapter 5 of the Class 11 NCERT curriculum is listed below.

Access NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5

Exercise 5.1 Page No: 103

Express each of the complex numbers given in Exercises 1 to 10 in the form a + ib.

1. (5i) (-3/5i)

Solution:

(5i) (-3/5i) = 5 x (-3/5) x i2

= -3 x -1 [i2 = -1]

= 3

Hence,

(5i) (-3/5i) = 3 + i0

2. i9 + i19

Solution:

i9 + i19 = (i2)4. i + (i2)9. i

= (-1)4 . i + (-1)9 .i

= 1 x i + -1 x i

= i – i

= 0

Hence,

i9 + i19 = 0 + i0

3. i-39

Solution:

i-39 = 1/ i39 = 1/ i4 x 9 + 3 = 1/ (19 x i3) = 1/ i3 = 1/ (-i) [i4 = 1, i3 = -I and i2 = -1]

Now, multiplying the numerator and denominator by i we get

i-39 = 1 x i / (-i x i)

= i/ 1 = i

Hence,

i-39 = 0 + i

4. 3(7 + i7) + i(7 + i7)

Solution:

3(7 + i7) + i(7 + i7) = 21 + i21 + i7 + i2 7

= 21 + i28 – 7 [i2 = -1]

= 14 + i28

Hence,

3(7 + i7) + i(7 + i7) = 14 + i28

5. (1 – i) – (–1 + i6)

Solution:

(1 – i) – (–1 + i6) = 1 – i + 1 – i6

= 2 – i7

Hence,

(1 – i) – (–1 + i6) = 2 – i7

6.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 1

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 2

7. NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 3

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 4

8. (1 – i)4

Solution:

(1 – i)4 = [(1 – i)2]2

= [1 + i2 – 2i]2

= [1 – 1 – 2i]2 [i2 = -1]

= (-2i)2

= 4(-1)

= -4

Hence, (1 – i)4 = -4 + 0i

9. (1/3 + 3i)3

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 5

Hence, (1/3 + 3i)3 = -242/27 – 26i

10. (-2 – 1/3i)3

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 6

Hence,

(-2 – 1/3i)3 = -22/3 – 107/27i

Find the multiplicative inverse of each of the complex numbers given in Exercises 11 to 13.

11. 4 – 3i

Solution:

Let’s consider z = 4 – 3i

Then,

= 4 + 3and

|z|2 = 42 + (-3)2 = 16 + 9 = 25

Thus, the multiplicative inverse of 4 – 3i is given by z-1

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 8

12. √5 + 3i

Solution:

Let’s consider z = √5 + 3i

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 9

|z|2 = (√5)2 + 32 = 5 + 9 = 14

Thus, the multiplicative inverse of √5 + 3i is given by z-1

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 10

13. – i

Solution:

Let’s consider z = –i

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 11

Thus, the multiplicative inverse of –i is given by z-1

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 12

14. Express the following expression in the form of a + ib:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 13

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.1 - 14


Exercise 5.2 Page No: 108

Find the modulus and the arguments of each of the complex numbers in Exercises 1 to 2.

1. z = – 1 – i √3

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 1

2. z = -√3 + i

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 2

Convert each of the complex numbers given in Exercises 3 to 8 in the polar form:

3. 1 – i

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 3

4. – 1 + i

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 5

5. – 1 – i

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 6

6. – 3

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 8

7. 3 + i

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 9

8. i

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.2 - 11


Exercise 5.3 Page No: 109

Solve each of the following equations:

1. x2 + 3 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

x2 + 3 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = 1, b = 0, and c = 3

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = 02 – 4 × 1 × 3 = –12

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 1

2. 2x2 + x + 1 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

2x2 + x + 1 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = 2, b = 1, and c = 1

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = 12 – 4 × 2 × 1 = 1 – 8 = –7

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 2

3. x2 + 3x + 9 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

x2 + 3x + 9 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = 1, b = 3, and c = 9

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = 32 – 4 × 1 × 9 = 9 – 36 = –27

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 3

4. –x2 + x – 2 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

x2 + – 2 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = –1, b = 1, and c = –2

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = 12 – 4 × (–1) × (–2) = 1 – 8 = –7

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 4

5. x2 + 3x + 5 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

x2 + 3x + 5 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = 1, b = 3, and c = 5

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = 32 – 4 × 1 × 5 =9 – 20 = –11

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 5

6. x2 – x + 2 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

x2 – x + 2 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = 1, b = –1, and c = 2

So, the discriminant of the given equation is

D = b2 – 4ac = (–1)2 – 4 × 1 × 2 = 1 – 8 = –7

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 6

7. √2x2 + x + √2 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

√2x2 + x + √2 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = √2, b = 1, and c = √2

So, the discriminant of the given equation is

D = b2 – 4ac = (1)2 – 4 × √2 × √2 = 1 – 8 = –7

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 7

8. √3x2 – √2x + 3√3 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

√3x2 – √2x + 3√3 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = √3, b = -√2, and c = 3√3

So, the discriminant of the given equation is

D = b2 – 4ac = (-√2)2 – 4 × √3 × 3√3 = 2 – 36 = –34

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 8

9. x2 + x + 1/√2 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

x2 + x + 1/√2 = 0

It can be rewritten as,

√2x2 + √2x + 1 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = √2, b = √2, and c = 1

So, the discriminant of the given equation is

D = b2 – 4ac = (√2)2 – 4 × √2 × 1 = 2 – 4√2 = 2(1 – 2√2)

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 9

10. x2 + x/√2 + 1 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation,

x2 + x/√2 + 1 = 0

It can be rewritten as,

√2x2 + x + √2 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have

a = √2, b = 1, and c = √2

So, the discriminant of the given equation is

D = b2 – 4ac = (1)2 – 4 × √2 × √2 = 1 – 8 = -7

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 ex.5.3 - 11


Miscellaneous Exercise Page No: 112

1.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 1

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 2

2. For any two complex numbers z1 and z2, prove that

Re (z1z2) = Re zRe z2 – Im z1 Im z2

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 3

3. Reduce to the standard form.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 4

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 5

4.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 6

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 7

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 8

5. Convert the following into the polar form:

(i) NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 9, (ii) NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 10

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 11

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 12

Solve each of the equations in Exercises 6 to 9.

6. 3x2 – 4x + 20/3 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation, 3x2 – 4x + 20/3 = 0

It can be re-written as: 9x2 – 12x + 20 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we get

a = 9, b = –12, and c = 20

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = (–12)2 – 4 × 9 × 20 = 144 – 720 = –576

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 13

7. x2 – 2x + 3/2 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation, x2 – 2x + 3/2 = 0

It can be re-written as 2x2 – 4x + 3 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we get

a = 2, b = –4, and c = 3

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = (–4)2 – 4 × 2 × 3 = 16 – 24 = –8

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 14

8. 27x2 – 10x + 1 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation, 27x2 – 10x + 1 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx + c = 0, we get

a = 27, b = –10, and c = 1

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = (–10)2 – 4 × 27 × 1 = 100 – 108 = –8

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 15

9. 21x2 – 28x + 10 = 0

Solution:

Given the quadratic equation, 21x2 – 28x + 10 = 0

On comparing it with ax2 + bx = 0, we have

a = 21, b = –28, and c = 10

So, the discriminant of the given equation will be

D = b2 – 4ac = (–28)2 – 4 × 21 × 10 = 784 – 840 = –56

Hence, the required solutions are

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 16

10. If z1 = 2 – i, z2 = 1 + i, find

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 17

Solution:

Given, z1 = 2 – i, z2 = 1 + i

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 18

11.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 19

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 20

12. Let z1 = 2 – i, z2 = -2 + i. Find

(i) NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 22, (ii) NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 23

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 24

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 25

13. Find the modulus and argument of the complex number.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 26

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 27

14. Find the real numbers x and y if (x – iy) (3 + 5i) is the conjugate of – 6 – 24i.

Solution:

Let’s assume z = (x – iy) (3 + 5i)

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 28

And,

(3x + 5y) – i(5x – 3y) = -6 -24i

On equating real and imaginary parts, we have

3x + 5y = -6 …… (i)

5x – 3y = 24 …… (ii)

Performing (i) x 3 + (ii) x 5, we get

(9x + 15y) + (25x – 15y) = -18 + 120

34x = 102

x = 102/34 = 3

Putting the value of x in equation (i), we get

3(3) + 5y = -6

5y = -6 – 9 = -15

y = -3

Therefore, the values of and y are 3 and –3, respectively.

15. Find the modulus of

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 29

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 30

16. If (x + iy)3 = u + iv, then show that

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 31

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 32

17. If α and β are different complex numbers with |β| = 1, then find

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 34

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 35

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 36

18. Find the number of non-zero integral solutions of the equation |1 – i|x = 2x.

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 37

Therefore, 0 is the only integral solution of the given equation.

Hence, the number of non-zero integral solutions of the given equation is 0.

19. If (a + ib) (c + id) (e + if) (g + ih) = A + iB, then show that

(a2 + b2) (c2 + d2) (e2 + f2) (g2 + h2) = A2 + B2

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 38

20. If, then find the least positive integral value of m.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 39

Solution:

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Mathematics Chapter 5 misc.ex - 40

Thus, the least positive integer is 1.

Therefore, the least positive integral value of m is 4 (= 4 × 1).


Also Access
NCERT Exemplar for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5
CBSE Notes for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 – Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

Chapter 5 of Class 11 Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations has 3 exercises and a miscellaneous exercise to help the students practise the required number of problems to understand all the concepts. The topics and sub-topics discussed in the PDF of NCERT Solutions for Class 11 of this chapter include
5.1 Introduction
We know that some of the quadratic equations have no real solutions. That means the solution of such equations includes complex numbers. Here, we have found the solution of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 where D = b2 – 4ac < 0.
5.2 Complex Numbers
Definition of complex numbers, examples and explanations about the real and imaginary parts of complex numbers have been discussed in this section. Class 11 Maths NCERT Supplementary Exercise Solutions PDF helps the students to understand the questions in detail.
5.3 Algebra of Complex Numbers
5.3.1 Addition of two complex numbers

5.3.2 Difference of two complex numbers

5.3.3 Multiplication of two complex numbers

5.3.4 Division of two complex number

5.3.5 Power of i

5.3.6 The square roots of a negative real number

5.3.7 Identities

After studying these exercises, students are able to understand the basic BODMAS operations on complex numbers, along with their properties, power of i, square root of a negative real number and identities of complex numbers.
5.4 The Modulus and the Conjugate of a Complex Number
The detailed explanation provides the modulus and conjugate of a complex number with solved examples.
5.5 Argand Plane and Polar Representation
5.5.1 Polar representation of a complex number

In this section, it has been explained how to write the ordered pairs for the given complex numbers, the definition of a Complex plane or Argand plane and the polar representation of the ordered pairs in terms of complex numbers.

  1. A number of the form a + ib, where a and b are real numbers, is called a complex number, “a” is called the real part, and “b” is called the imaginary part of the complex number
  2. Let z1 = a + ib and z2 = c + id. Then
    1. z1 + z2 = (a + c) + i (b + d)
    2. z1z2 = (ac – bd) + i (ad + bc)
  3. For any non-zero complex number z = a + ib (a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0), there exists a complex number, denoted by 1/z or z–1, called the multiplicative inverse of z
  4. For any integer k, i4k = 1, i4k + 1 = i, i4k + 2 = – 1, i4k + 3 = – i
  5. The polar form of the complex number z = x + iy is r (cosθ + i sinθ)
  6. A polynomial equation of n degree has n roots.

Disclaimer – 

Dropped Topics – 

5.5.1 Polar Representation of a Complex Number
5.6 Quadratic Equation
Example 11 and Exercise 5.3
Examples 13, 15, 16
Ques. 5–8, 9 and 13 (Miscellaneous Exercise)
Last three points in the Summary
5.7 Square-root of a Complex Number

Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5

Q1

What are the topics covered under each exercise of NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations?

The NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations has exercise-wise problems, which cover equations related to quadratic equations and complex numbers. These solutions provide the students with clarity on concepts and theorems of complex numbers. This chapter has three exercises for which the solutions are provided here in PDF format. The first exercise deals with determining the multiplicative inverse, the second exercise deals with the modulus and argument of a given set of numbers, and the third exercise deals with solving quadratic equations.
Q2

Explain the marks distribution in NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths.

There are about 6 units in the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths in which the marks are distributed.
First unit – Sets and Functions (60 marks)
Second unit – Algebra (30 marks)
Third unit – Coordinate Geometry (10 marks)
Fourth unit – Calculus (30 marks)
Fifth unit – Mathematical Reasoning, Statistics (10 marks)
Sixth unit – Probability (30 marks)
Q3

Does BYJU’S give the most reliable answers in Chapter 5 of NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths?

The most accurate and reliable NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 5 are available on BYJU’S. Students can easily download the solutions, which are present in PDF format and access them during their exam preparation. The solutions are framed and compiled by a set of expert faculty who possess numerous years of experience in the respective subjects. The most detailed solutions to the exercise-wise problems are curated with the aim of helping students ace the exam without fear.

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