RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 – Free PDF Download (Updated for 2023-24)

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Chapter 16 – Tangents and Normals are provided here for students to learn the concepts better. According to the CBSE syllabus, RD Sharma is the best book for practising Class 12 Maths. Therefore, it is clear that students who aim to excel in Maths should refer to RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12. Our experts have created these RD Sharma Solutions with utmost precision to help students in their studies. The description provided in the PDFs enhances the students’ basic concepts, which in turn aids in solving problems without making any mistakes.

The 16th Chapter of RD Sharma Solutions  Class 12 Tangents and Normals explains slopes of tangents and normals as its primary concept. By practising these solutions, students can score high marks in their academic examinations. The RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions Chapter 16 PDF is available for free download through the links provided below.

RD Sharma Solutions Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals:

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Exercise 16.1 Page No: 16.10

1. Find the Slopes of the tangent and the normal to the following curves at the indicated points:

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 1

Solution:

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(ii) y = √x at x = 9

Solution:

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⇒ The Slope of the normal = – 6

(iii) y = x3 – x at x = 2

Solution:

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(iv) y = 2x2 + 3 sin x at x = 0

Solution:

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(v) x = a (θ – sin θ), y = a (1 + cos θ) at θ = -π /2

Solution:

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(vi) x = a cos3 θ, y = a sin3 θ at θ = π /4

Solution:

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(vii) x = a (θ – sin θ), y = a (1 – cos θ) at θ = π /2

Solution:

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(viii) y = (sin 2x + cot x + 2)2 at x = π /2

Solution:

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(ix) x2 + 3y + y2 = 5 at (1, 1)

Solution:

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(x) x y = 6 at (1, 6)

Solution:

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2. Find the values of a and b if the Slope of the tangent to the curve x y + a x + by = 2 at (1, 1) is 2.

Solution:

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⇒ – a – 1 = 2(1 + b)

⇒ – a – 1 = 2 + 2b

⇒ a + 2b = – 3 … (1)

Also, the point (1, 1) lies on the curve xy + ax + by = 2, we have

1 × 1 + a × 1 + b × 1 = 2

⇒ 1 + a + b = 2

⇒ a + b = 1 … (2)

From (1) & (2), we get b = -4

Substitute b = – 4 in a + b = 1

a – 4 = 1

⇒ a = 5

So the value of a = 5 & b = – 4

3. If the tangent to the curve y = x3 + a x + b at (1, – 6) is parallel to the line x – y + 5 = 0, find a and b

Solution:

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 34

The given line is x – y + 5 = 0

y = x + 5 is the form of equation of a straight line y = mx + c, where m is the Slope of the line.

So the slope of the line is y = 1 × x + 5

So the Slope is 1. … (2)

Also the point (1, – 6) lie on the tangent, so

x = 1 & y = – 6 satisfies the equation, y = x3 + ax + b

– 6 = 13 + a × 1 + b

⇒ – 6 = 1 + a + b

⇒ a + b = – 7 … (3)

Since, the tangent is parallel to the line, from (1) & (2)

Hence, 3 + a = 1

⇒ a = – 2

From (3)

a + b = – 7

⇒ – 2 + b = – 7

⇒ b = – 5

So the value is a = – 2 & b = – 5

4. Find a point on the curve y = x3 – 3x where the tangent is parallel to the chord joining (1, – 2) and (2, 2).

Solution:

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5. Find a point on the curve y = x3 – 2x2 – 2x at which the tangent lines are parallel to the line y = 2x – 3.

Solution:

Given the curve y = x3 – 2x2 – 2x and a line y = 2x – 3

First, we will find the slope of tangent

y = x3 – 2x2 – 2x

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y = 2x – 3 is the form of equation of a straight line y = mx + c, where m is the Slope of the line.

So the slope of the line is y = 2 × (x) – 3

Thus, the Slope = 2. … (2)

From (1) & (2)

⇒ 3x2 – 4x – 2 = 2

⇒ 3x2 – 4x = 4

⇒ 3x2 – 4x – 4 = 0

We will use factorization method to solve the above Quadratic equation.

⇒ 3x2 – 6x + 2x – 4 = 0

⇒ 3 x (x – 2) + 2 (x – 2) = 0

⇒ (x – 2) (3x + 2) = 0

⇒ (x – 2) = 0 & (3x + 2) = 0

⇒ x = 2 or

x = -2/3

Substitute x = 2 & x = -2/3 in y = x3 – 2x2 – 2x

When x = 2

⇒ y = (2)3 – 2 × (2)2 – 2 × (2)

⇒ y = 8 – (2 × 4) – 4

⇒ y = 8 – 8 – 4

⇒ y = – 4

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6. Find a point on the curve y2 = 2x3 at which the Slope of the tangent is 3

Solution:

Given the curve y2 = 2x3 and the Slope of tangent is 3

y2 = 2x3

Differentiating the above with respect to x

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dy/dx = 0 which is not possible.

So we take x = 2 and substitute it in y2 = 2x3, we get

y2 = 2(2)3

y2 = 2 × 8

y2 = 16

y = 4

Thus, the required point is (2, 4)

7. Find a point on the curve x y + 4 = 0 at which the tangents are inclined at an angle of 45o with the x–axis.

Solution:

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Substitute in xy + 4 = 0, we get

⇒ x (– x) + 4 = 0

⇒ – x2 + 4 = 0

⇒ x2 = 4

⇒ x =
https://gradeup-question-images.grdp.co/liveData/PROJ23978/154390508350230.png2

So when x = 2, y = – 2

And when x = – 2, y = 2

Thus, the points are (2, – 2) & (– 2, 2)

8. Find a point on the curve y = x2 where the Slope of the tangent is equal to the x – coordinate of the point.

Solution:

Given the curve is y = x2

y = x2

Differentiating the above with respect to x

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From (1) & (2), we get,

2x = x

⇒ x = 0.

Substituting this in y = x2, we get,

y = 02

⇒ y = 0

Thus, the required point is (0, 0)

9. At what point on the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0, the tangent is parallel to x – axis.

Solution:

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 45

⇒ – (x – 1) = 0

⇒ x = 1

Substituting x = 1 in x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0, we get,

⇒ 12 + y2 – 2(1) – 4y + 1 = 0

⇒ 1 – y2 – 2 – 4y + 1 = 0

⇒ y2 – 4y = 0

⇒ y (y – 4) = 0

⇒ y = 0 and y = 4

Thus, the required point is (1, 0) and (1, 4)

10. At what point of the curve y = x2 does the tangent make an angle of 45o with the x–axis?

Solution:

Given the curve is y = x2

Differentiating the above with respect to x

⇒ y = x2

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Exercise 16.2 Page No: 15.27

1. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve √x + √y = a, at the point (a2/4, a2/4).

Solution:

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2. Find the equation of the normal to y = 2x3 – x2 + 3 at (1, 4).

Solution:

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3. Find the equation of the tangent and the normal to the following curves at the indicated points:

(i) y = x4 – 6x3 + 13x2 – 10x + 5 at (0, 5)

Solution:

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(ii) y = x4 – 6x3 + 13x2 – 10x + 5 at x = 1 y = 3

Solution:

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(iii) y = x2 at (0, 0)

Solution:

Given y = x2 at (0, 0)

By differentiating the given curve, we get the slope of the tangent

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m (tangent) at (x = 0) = 0

Normal is perpendicular to tangent so, m1m2 = – 1

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We can see that the slope of normal is not defined

Equation of tangent is given by y – y1 = m (tangent) (x – x1)

y = 0

Equation of normal is given by y – y1 = m (normal) (x – x1)

x = 0

(iv) y = 2x2 – 3x – 1 at (1, – 2)

Solution:

Given y = 2x2 – 3x – 1 at (1, – 2)

By differentiating the given curve, we get the slope of the tangent

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m (tangent) at (1, – 2) = 1

Normal is perpendicular to tangent so, m1m2 = – 1

m (normal) at (1, – 2) = – 1

Equation of tangent is given by y – y1 = m (tangent) (x – x1)

y + 2 = 1(x – 1)

y = x – 3

Equation of normal is given by y – y1 = m (normal) (x – x1)

y + 2 = – 1(x – 1)

y + x + 1 = 0

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Solution:

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Equation of tangent is given by y – y1 = m (tangent) (x – x1)

y + 2 = – 2(x – 2)

y + 2x = 2

Equation of normal is given by y – y1 = m (normal) (x – x1)

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2y + 4 = x – 2

2y – x + 6 = 0

4. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve x = θ + sin θ, y = 1 + cos θ at θ = π/4.

Solution:

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5. Find the equation of the tangent and the normal to the following curves at the indicated points:

(i) x = θ + sin θ, y = 1 + cos θ at θ = π/2

Solution:

Given x = θ + sin θ, y = 1 + cos θ at θ = π/2

By differentiating the given equation with respect to θ, we get the slope of the tangent

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Solution:

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(iii) x = at2, y = 2at at t = 1.

Solution:

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(iv) x = a sec t, y = b tan t at t.

Solution:

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(v) x = a (θ + sin θ), y = a (1 – cos θ) at θ

Solution:

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 68

(vi) x = 3 cos θ – cos3 θ, y = 3 sin θ – sin3θ

Solution:

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6. Find the equation of the normal to the curve x2 + 2y2 – 4x – 6y + 8 = 0 at the point whose abscissa is 2.

Solution:

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Finding y co – ordinate by substituting x in the given curve

2y2 – 6y + 4 = 0

y2 – 3y + 2 = 0

y = 2 or y = 1

m (tangent) at x = 2 is 0

Normal is perpendicular to tangent so, m1m2 = – 1

m (normal) at x = 2 is 1/0, which is undefined

Equation of normal is given by y – y1 = m (normal) (x – x1)

x = 2

7. Find the equation of the normal to the curve ay2 = x3 at the point (am2, am3).

Solution:

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8. The equation of the tangent at (2, 3) on the curve y2 = ax3 + b is y = 4x – 5. Find the values of a and b.

Solution:

Given y2 = ax3 + b is y = 4x – 5

By differentiating the given curve, we get the slope of the tangent

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m (tangent) at (2, 3) = 2a

Equation of tangent is given by y – y1 = m (tangent) (x – x1)

Now comparing the slope of a tangent with the given equation

2a = 4

a = 2

Now (2, 3) lies on the curve, these points must satisfy

32 = 2 × 23 + b

b = – 7

9. Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve y = x2 + 4x – 16 which is parallel to the line 3x – y + 1 = 0.

Solution:

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10. Find the equation of normal line to the curve y = x3 + 2x + 6 which is parallel to the line x + 14y + 4 = 0.

Solution:

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 77

 

Exercise 16.3 Page No: 16.40

1. Find the angle to intersection of the following curves:

(i) y2 = x and x2 = y

Solution:

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x = y2

When y = 0, x = 0

When y = 1, x = 1

Substituting above values for m1 & m2, we get,

When x = 0,

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(ii) y = x2 and x2 + y2 = 20

Solution:

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(iii) 2y2 = x3 and y2 = 32x

Solution:

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Substituting (2) in (1), we get

⇒ 2y2 = x3

⇒ 2(32x) = x3

⇒ 64 x = x3

⇒ x3 – 64x = 0

⇒ x (x2 – 64) = 0

⇒ x = 0 & (x2 – 64) = 0

⇒ x = 0 & ±8

Substituting x = 0 & x = ±8 in (1) in (2),

y2 = 32x

When x = 0, y = 0

When x = 8

⇒ y2 = 32 × 8

⇒ y2 = 256

⇒ y = ±16

Substituting above values for m1 & m2, we get,

When x = 0, y = 16

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 88

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 89

(iv) x2 + y2 – 4x – 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 2y – 9 = 0

Solution:

Given curves x2 + y2 – 4x – 1 = 0 … (1) and x2 + y2 – 2y – 9 = 0 … (2)

First curve is x2 + y2 – 4x – 1 = 0

⇒ x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 4 – 1 = 0

⇒ (x – 2)2 + y2 – 5 = 0

Now, Subtracting (2) from (1), we get

⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x – 1 – ( x2 + y2 – 2y – 9) = 0

⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x – 1 – x2 – y2 + 2y + 9 = 0

⇒ – 4x – 1 + 2y + 9 = 0

⇒ – 4x + 2y + 8 = 0

⇒ 2y = 4x – 8

⇒ y = 2x – 4

Substituting y = 2x – 4 in (3), we get,

⇒ (x – 2)2 + (2x – 4)2 – 5 = 0

⇒ (x – 2)2 + 4(x – 2)2 – 5 = 0

⇒ (x – 2)2(1 + 4) – 5 = 0

⇒ 5(x – 2)2 – 5 = 0

⇒ (x – 2)2 – 1 = 0

⇒ (x – 2)2 = 1

⇒ (x – 2) = ±1

⇒ x = 1 + 2 or x = – 1 + 2

⇒ x = 3 or x = 1

So, when x = 3

y = 2×3 – 4

⇒ y = 6 – 4 = 2

So, when x = 3

y = 2 × 1 – 4

⇒ y = 2 – 4 = – 2

The point of intersection of two curves are (3, 2) & (1, – 2)

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Solution:

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2. Show that the following set of curves intersect orthogonally:
(i) y = x3 and 6y = 7 – x2

Solution:

Given curves y = x3 … (1) and 6y = 7 – x2 … (2)

Solving (1) & (2), we get

⇒ 6y = 7 – x2

⇒ 6(x3) = 7 – x2

⇒ 6x3 + x2 – 7 = 0

Since f(x) = 6x3 + x2 – 7,

We have to find f(x) = 0, so that x is a factor of f(x).

When x = 1

f (1) = 6(1)3 + (1)2 – 7

f (1) = 6 + 1 – 7

f (1) = 0

Hence, x = 1 is a factor of f(x).

Substituting x = 1 in y = x3, we get

y = 13

y = 1

The point of intersection of two curves is (1, 1)

First curve y = x3

Differentiating above with respect to x,

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 101

(ii) x3 – 3xy2 = – 2 and 3x2 y – y3 = 2

Solution:

Given curves x3 – 3xy2 = – 2 … (1) and 3x2y – y3 = 2 … (2)

Adding (1) & (2), we get

⇒ x3 – 3xy2 + 3x2y – y3 = – 2 + 2

⇒ x3 – 3xy2 + 3x2y – y3 = – 0

⇒ (x – y)3 = 0

⇒ (x – y) = 0

⇒ x = y

Substituting x = y on x3 – 3xy2 = – 2

⇒ x3 – 3 × x × x2 = – 2

⇒ x3 – 3x3 = – 2

⇒ – 2x3 = – 2

⇒ x3 = 1

⇒ x = 1

Since x = y

y = 1

The point of intersection of two curves is (1, 1)

First curve x3 – 3xy2 = – 2

Differentiating above with respect to x,

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 103

(iii) x2 + 4y2 = 8 and x2 – 2y2 = 4.

Solution:

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3. x2 = 4y and 4y + x2 = 8 at (2, 1)

Solution:

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 110

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 111

(ii) x2 = y and x3 + 6y = 7 at (1, 1)

Solution:

Given curves x2 = y … (1) and x3 + 6y = 7 … (2)

The point of intersection of two curves (1, 1)

Solving (1) & (2), we get,

First curve is x2 = y

Differentiating above with respect to x,

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(iii) y2 = 8x and 2x2 + y2 = 10 at (1, 2√2)

Solution:

Given curves y2 = 8x … (1) and 2x2 + y2 = 10 … (2)

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 116

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4. Show that the curves 4x = y2 and 4xy = k cut at right angles, if k2 = 512.

Solution:

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 119

5. Show that the curves 2x = y2 and 2xy = k cut at right angles, if k2 = 8.

Solution:

Given curves 2x = y2 … (1) and 2xy = k … (2)

We have to prove that two curves cut at right angles if k2 = 8

Now, differentiating curves (1) & (2) with respect to x, we get

⇒ 2x = y2

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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 121

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals Image 122

Also, Access RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals

Exercise 16.1 Solutions

Exercise 16.2 Solutions

Exercise 16.3 Solutions

RD Sharma Class 12 Maths Solutions Chapter 16 Tangents and Normals

Some of the essential topics of this chapter are listed below.

  • The slope of a line
  • Slopes of tangent and normal
  • Finding the slopes of the tangent and the normal at a given point
  • Finding the point on a given curve at which tangent is parallel or perpendicular to a given line
  • Equations of tangents and normal
  • Finding the equations of tangent and normal to a curve at a given point
  • Finding tangent and normal parallel or perpendicular to a given line
  • Finding tangent or normal passing through a given point
  • Miscellaneous applications of tangents and normals
  • Finding the equations of tangent and normal
  • Finding the equation of the curve
  • The angle of intersection of two curves
  • Orthogonal curves

Frequently Asked Questions on RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16

Q1

Where can I download RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16?

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 is available on BYJU’S website, which is one of the essential study materials for students studying in Class 12. The subject experts have prepared the Solutions for Class 12 Maths RD Sharma to help students in their board exam preparation. The solutions are formulated accurately to explain every step clearly and in detail. The students need to get well- versed in these solutions to get a good score in the Class 12 examination.
Q2

Is RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 difficult to learn?

No, the solutions provided in RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 help students understand the concepts better. Students can score good marks in the exams by solving all the questions and cross-checking the answers with the RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16. These solutions are formulated by a set of Maths experts at BYJU’S.
Q3

Why should I opt for RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16?

The concepts present in RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 are explained in simple language, making it possible even for a student not proficient in Maths to understand the subject better. Hence, the solutions are designed by BYJU’S experts to boost confidence among students in understanding the concepts covered in this chapter. By regular practice, students can achieve their desired goals.
Q4

Do the RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 have answers to all the textbook questions?

Yes, RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 provide accurate answers to all the textbook questions. Experts at BYJU’S have prepared these solutions as per the current CBSE syllabus. The textbook problems are solved precisely based on the marks weightage. Students can use both chapter-wise and exercise-wise PDFs from the links provided here to get their doubts cleared instantly and score good marks in the exams.
Q5

How do the RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 help students score good marks in the exams?

Subject-matter experts have curated RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 16 after extensive research on each concept. The solutions are explained with every minute detail to help students score optimum marks in exams. Practising these solutions on a daily basis boosts students’ time management and problem-solving skills vital for board exams.

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