# RD Sharma Solutions Class 9 Tabular Representation Of Statistical Data Exercise 22.1

## RD Sharma Solutions Class 9 Chapter 22 Exercise 22.1

Q1. What do you understand by the word “statistics” in:

(a)Singular form (B) Plural form

Solution 1:

The word statistics is used in both its singular and plural senses.

(a) In singular sense, statistics may be defined as the science of collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of numerical data.

(b) In plural sense, statistics means numerical facts or observations collected with definite purpose.

For example: Income and expenditure of persons in a particular locality,number of persons in a particular locality ,number of males and females in a particular town are statistics.

Q2.Describe some fundamental characteristics of statistics.

Solution 2:

Fundamental characteristics of statistics

(1) A single observation does not form statistics. Statistics are a sum total of observations.

(2) Statistics are expressed quantitatively not qualitatively.

(3) Statistics are collected with definite purpose.

(4) Statistics in an experiment are comparable and can be classified into groups.

Q3. What are (1) primary data (2) secondary data? Which of the two—the primary or the secondary data—is more reliable and why?

Solution 3:

The word data means information statistical data and are of two types:

(1) Primary data

When an investigator collects data himself with a definite plan or design in hs or her mind is called primary data.

(2)Secondary data

Data which are not originally collected rather obtained from published or unpublished sources are called secondary data.

Secondary data are collected by an individual or an institution for some purpose and are used by someone else in another context.

Primary data are reliable and relevant because they are original in character and are collected by some individuals or by research bodies.

Q4. Why do we group data?

Solution 4: The data obtained in original form are called raw data .Raw data does not give any useful information and is rather confusing to mind. Data is grouped so that it becomes understandable and can be interpreted. According to various characteristics groups are formed by us. After grouping the data, we are in position to make calculations of certain values which will help us in describing and analyzing the data.

Q5. Explain the meaning of the following terms:

(1)Variate

(2)Class-integral

(3)Class-size

(4)Class-mark

(5) Frequency

(6)Class limits

(7)True class limits

Solution 5:

(1) Variate

Any character that can vary from one individual to another is called variate.

(2)Class interval

In the data each group into which raw data is considered is called a class-interval.

(3)Class-size

The difference between the true upper limit and lower limit is called the class size of that class size.

(4)Class-mark

The middle value of the class is called as the class mark.

Class mark=$\frac{upper \;limit+lower \;limit}{}2$

(5)Frequency

The number of observations corresponding to class is called its frequency.

(6)Class limits

Each class is bounded by two figures ,called the class limits .The figures on the left side of the classes are called lower limits while figures on the right side are called upper limits.

(7)True class limits

If classes are inclusive.Eg:15-19, 20-24, 25-29….

Then, true lower limit of class=upper limit of class-0.5

Eg:- True limits of the class is 15-19 are 14.5 and 19.5

But if classes are exclusive like 10-20,20-30,30-40…

Here class limits and true class limits are the same.

Q6.The ages of ten students of a group are given below.The ages have been recorded in years and months:

8-6, 9-0, 8-4, 9-3, 7-8, 8-11, 8-7, 9-2, 7-10, 8-8

(i)What is the lowest age?

(ii)What is the highest age?

(iii)Determine the range?

Solution 6:

The ages of ten students of a group are given below

8-6, 9-0, 8-4, 9-3, 7-8, 8-11, 8-7, 9-2, 7-10, 8-8.

(1)Lowest age is 7 years 8months

(2)Highest age is  9 years, 3 months

(3)Range=Highest age-lowest age = 9 year, 3 months, 7 years, 8 months = 1 year 7 months

Q7.The monthly pocket money of six friends is given below:

Rs 45, Rs 30, Rs 40, Rs 25, Rs 45.

(i)What is the lowest pocket money?

(ii)What is the highest pocket money?

(iii)What is the range?

(iv)Arrange the amounts of pocket money in ascending order

Solution 7:

The monthly pocket money of six friends is given below:

Rs45,Rs 30, Rs 40, Rs 25, Rs 45.

(1) Highest pocket money=Rs 50

(2) Lowest pocket money=Rs 25

(3) Range=50-25=25

(4) The amounts of pocket money in an ascending order is: Rs 25,Rs 30, Rs 40, Rs 45, Rs 45,Rs 50.

Q8.Write the class -size in each of the following:

1)0-4, 5-9, 10-14

(2) 10-19, 20-29, 30-39

(3) 100-120, 120-140, 160-180

(4) 0-0.25, 0.25-00.50, 0.50-0.75

(5) 5-5.01, 5.01-5.02, 5.02-5.03.

Solution 8:

(1) 0-4 ,5-9, 10-14

True class limits are 0.5-4.5, 4.5-9.5, 9.5-14.5

Therefore class size=14.5-9.5=5

(2) 10-19 , 20-29 , 30-39

True class limits 19.5-19.5,19.5-29.5,29.5-29.5

Class size=39.5-29.5=10

(3) 100-120 , 120-140, 160-180

Here the class limits and true class limits are the same

Therefore class size=120-100=20

(4) 0-0.25,0.25-00.50,0.50-0.75

Here the class limits and true class limits are the same

Therefore class size=0.25-0=0.25

(5) 5-5.01,5.01-5.02,5.02-5.03.

Here the class limits and true class limits are the same

Therefore class size=5.01-5.0=0.01.

Q9. The final marks in mathematics of 30 students are as follows:

53, 61, 48, 60, 78, 68, 55, 100, 67, 0, 75, 88, 77, 37, 84, 58, 60, 48, 62, 56, 44, 58, 52, 64, 98, 59, 70, 39, 50, 60.

(i)Arrange these marks in ascending order,30 to 39 one group,40 to 49 second group etc.

(ii)What is the lowest score?

(iii)What is the highest score?

(iv)What is the range?

(v)If 40 is the pass mark how many failed?

(vi)How many have scored 75 or more?

(vii)Which observations between 50 and 60 have not actually appeared?

(viii) How many have scored less than 50?

Solution 9:

The final marks in mathematics of 30 students are as follows:

53, 61, 48, 60, 78, 68, 55, 100, 67, 0, 75, 88, 77, 37, 84, 58, 60, 48, 62, 56, 44, 58, 52, 64, 98, 59, 70, 39, 50, 60.

(1)

 Group Class Observations I 30-39 37, 39 II 40-49 44,48,48 III 50-59 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 58, 59 IV 60-69 60, 60, 60, 61, 62, 64, 67, 68 V 70-79 70, 55, 77, 78 VI 80-89 84,88 VII 90-99 90, 98 VIII 100-109 100

(2) Highest score=100

(3)Lowest score=37

(4)Range=100-37=63

(5)If 40 is the passing marks, 2 students have failed

(6) 8 students have scored 75 or more

(7)Observation 51, 54, 57 between 50 and 60 has not actually appeared.

(8) 5 students have scored less than 50

Q10. The weights of new born babies are as follows: 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 3.0, 2.8, 2.8, 2.9, 3.1, 2.5, 2.8, 2.7, 2.9, 2.4.

(i)Rearrange the weights in descending order.

(ii)What is the highest weight?

(iii)What is the lowest weight?

(iv)Determine the range?

(v)How many babies were born on that day?

(vi)How many babies weigh below 2.5 Kg?

(vii) How many babies weigh more than 2.8 Kg?

(viii)How many babies weigh 2.8 Kg?

Solution 10:

The weights of new born babies(in kg) are as follows

2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 3.0, 2.8, 2.8, 2.9, 3.1, 2.5, 2.8, 2.7, 2.9, 2.4.

(1) The weights in descending order

3.1, 3.0, 2.9, 2.9, 2.8, 2.8, 2.7, 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1.

(2) The highest weight=3.1 Kg

(3) The lowest weight=2.1 Kg

(4) Range =3.1-2.1=1.0 Kg

(5) 15 babies were born on that particular day.

(6)4 babies weight below 2.5 Kg.

(7) Weight more than 2.8 Kg are 4 babies.

(8) Weightà2 babies

Q11. The number of runs scored by a cricket player in 25 innings is as follows: 26, 35, 94, 48, 82, 105, 53, 0, 39, 42, 71, 0, 64, 15, 34, 15, 34, 6, 71, 0, 64, 15, 34, 15, 34, 67, 0, 42, 124, 84, 54, 48, 139, 64, 47

(i)Rearrange these runs in ascending order.

(ii)Determine the player, is highest score.

(iii)How many times did the player not score a run?

(iv)How many centuries did he score?

(v)How many times did he score more than 50 runs?

Solution 11:

The numbers of runs scored by a player in 25 innings are

26, 35, 94, 48, 82, 105, 53, 0, 39, 42, 71, 0, 64, 15, 34, 15, 34, 6, 71, 0, 64, 15, 34, 15, 34, 67, 0, 42, 124, 84, 54, 48, 139, 64, 47.

(i) Runs in an ascending order are

0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 15, 15, 15, 15, 26, 34, 34, 34, 34, 35, 39, 42, 42, 47, 48, 48, 53, 54, 64, 64, 64, 67, 71, 71, 82, 90, 124, 139.

(ii) The highest number=139

(iii) The player did not score any runs 3 times

(iv) He scored 3 centuries.

(v) He scored more than 50 runs 12 times.

Q12. The class size of distribution is 25 and the first class-interval is 200-224. There are seven class-intervals.

(i)Write the class-intervals.

(ii)Write the class marks of each interval.

Solution 12:

Given

Class size=25

First class interval=200-224

(i)Seven class interval are:

200-240, 225-249, 250-274, 275-299, 300-324, 325-349, 350-374.

(ii) Class mark 200-224=$\frac{200+224}{2}$

= $\frac{424}{2}$

=212

Class mark 225-249=$\frac{225+249}{2}$

= $\frac{479}{2}$

=237

Class mark 250-274=$\frac{250+274}{2}$

= $\frac{524}{2}$

=287

Class mark 300-324=$\frac{300+324}{2}$

= $\frac{624}{2}$

=312

Class mark 325-349=$\frac{325+349}{2}$

= $\frac{674}{2}$

=337

Class mark 350-374=$\frac{350+374}{2}$

= $\frac{724}{2}$

=362

Q13. Write the class size and class limits in each of the following:

(i) 104, 114, 124, 134, 144, 154 and 164.

(ii) 47, 52, 57, 62, 67, 72, 78, 82, 87, 92, 97, 102.

(iii) 12.5, 17.5, 22.5, 27.5, 32.5, 37.5, 42.5, 47.5.

Solution 13:

(1) 104, 114, 124, 134, 144, 154 and 164.

Class size =114-104=10

 Class mark Lower class limit Upper class limit Class limit 104 $104-\frac{10}{2}$=99 $104+\frac{10}{2}$=109 99-109 114 $114-\frac{10}{2}$=109 $114+\frac{10}{2}$=119 109-119 124 119 129 119-129 134 129 139 129-139 144 139 149 139-149 154 149 159 149-159 164 159 169 159-169

(2)  47, 52, 57, 62, 67, 72, 78, 82, 87, 92, 97, 102.

Class size=52-47=5

 Class mark Lower class limit Upper class limit Class limit 47 $47-\frac{5}{2}$=44.5 $47+\frac{5}{2}$=49.5 44.5-49.5 52 49.5 54.5 49.5-54.5 57 54.5 59.5 54.5-59.5 62 59.5 64.5 59.5-64.5 67 64.5 69.5 64.5-69.5 72 69.5 74.5 69.5-74.5 77 74.5 79.5 74.5-79.5 82 79.5 84.5 79.5-84.5 87 84.5 89.5 84.5-89.5 92 89.5 94.5 89.5-94.5 97 94.5 99.5 94.5-99.5 102 99.5 104.5 9.5-104.5

(3)12.5, 17.5, 22.5, 27.5, 32.5, 37.5, 42.5, 47.5.

Class size=17.5-12.5=5

 Class mark Lower class limit Upper class limit Class limit 12.5 12.5-2.5=10 12.5+2.5=15 10-15 17.5 17.5-2.5=15 17.5+2.5=20 15-20 22.5 22.5-2.5=20 22.5+2.5=25 20-25 27.5 27.5-2.5=25 27.5+2.5=30 25-30 32.5 32.5-2.5=30 32.5+2.5=35 30-35 37.5 37.5-2.5=35 37.5+2.5=40 35-40 42.5 42.5-2.5=40 42.5+2.5=45 40-45 47.5 47.5-2.5=45 47.5+2.5=50 45-50

Q14. Following data gives the number of children in 40 families:

1, 2, 6, 5, 1, 5, 1, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 4, 2, 0, 0, 4, 4, 3, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 5, 1, 2, 4, 3, 4, 1, 6, 2, 2.

Represent it in the form of a frequency distribution.

Solution 14:

 Number of children Tally marks Number of families 0 |||| 5 1 |||| || 7 2 |||| |||| || 12 3 |||| 5 4 |||| | 6 5 ||| 3 6 ||| 3

Q15. Marks scored by 40 students of class IX in mathematics are given below:

81, 55, 68, 79, 85, 43, 29, 68, 54, 73, 47, 35, 72, 64, 95, 44, 50, 77, 64, 35, 79, 52, 45, 54, 70, 83, 62, 64, 72, 92, 84, 76, 63, 43, 54, 38, 73, 68, 52, 54.

Prepare a frequency distribution with class size of 10 marks.

Solution 15:

 Marks Tally marks Frequency 20-30 | 1 30-40 ||| 3 40-50 |||| 5 50-60 |||| ||| 8 60-70 |||| ||| 8 70-80 |||| |||| 9 80-90 |||| 4 90-100 || 2 Total=40

Q16. Heights (in cm) of 30 students of class IX are given below:

155, 158, 154, 158, 160, 148, 149, 150, 153, 159, 161, 148, 157, 153, 157, 162, 159, 151,   154,   156 , 152 , 156 , 160,  152,  147,  155,  163,  155, 157, 153.

Prepare a frequency distribution table with 160-164 as one of the class intervals.

Solution 16:

 Height(in cm) Tally marks Frequency 145-149 |||| 4 150-154 |||| |||| 9 155-159 |||| |||| || 12 160-164 |||| | 6 Total= 30

Q17. The monthly wages of 30 workers in a factory are given below:

830, 835, 890, 810, 835, 836, 869, 845, 898, 890, 820, 860, 832, 833, 855,        845, 804, 808, 812, 840, 885, 835, 836, 878, 840, 868, 890, 806, 840, 890.

Represent the data in the form of a frequency distribution table with class size 10.

Solution 17:

 Height(in cm) Tally marks Frequency 800-810 ||| 3 810-820 || 2 820-830 || 1 830-840 |||| ||| 8 840-850 |||| 5 850-860 | 1 860-870 ||| 3 870-880 | 1 880-890 | 1 890-900 |||| 5 Total=30

Q18. The daily maximum temperatures (in degree Celsius) recorded in a certain city during the month of November are as follows:

25.8, 24.5, 25.6, 20.7, 21.8, 20.5, 20.6, 20.9, 22.3, 22.7, 23.1, 22.8, 22.9, 21.7, 21.3, 20.5, 20.9, 23.1, 22.4,  21.5, 22.7, 22.8, 22.0, 23.9, 24.7, 22.8, 23.8, 24.6, 23.9, 21.1.

Represent the data in the form of a frequency distribution table with class size 1 $1^{0}$CC.

Solution 18:

 Maximum temperature(in degree Celsius) Tally marks Frequency 20.0-21.0 |||| | 6 21.0-22.0 |||| 5 22.0-23.0 |||| |||| 9 23.0-24.0 |||| 5 24.0-25.0 ||| 3 25.0-26.0 || 2 Total=30

Q19. Construct a frequency table with equal class intervals from the following data on the monthly wages (in rupees) of 28 laborers working in a factory, taking one of the class intervals as 210-230(230 not included).

220, 268, 258, 242, 210, 268, 272, 242, 311, 290, 300, 320, 319, 304, 302, 218, 306, 292, 254, 278, 210, 240, 280, 316, 306, 215, 256, 236.

Solution 19:

 Monthly wages(in rupees) Tally marks Frequency 210-230 |||| 4 230-250 |||| 4 250-270 |||| 5 270-290 ||| 3 290-310 |||| || 7 310.0-330.0 |||| 5 Total=28

Q20 The daily minimum temperatures in degree Celsius recorded in a certain arctic region are as follows:

-12.5, -10.8, -18.6, -8.4-10.8, -4.2, -4.8, -6.7, -13.2, -11.8, -2.3, -1.2,

-2.6, 0, 2.4, 0, 3.2, 2.7, 3.4, 0, -2.4, -2.4, 0, 3.2, 2.7, 3.4, 0, -2.4, -5.8, -8.9, -14.6, -12.3,

-11.5, -7.8, -2.9.

Represent them as frequency distribution table taking -19.9 to -15 as the first class interval.

Solution 20:

Since first class interval is -19.9 to -15, frequency distribution with lower limit included and upper limit excluded is:

 Temperature Tally marks Frequency -19.9 to -15 || 2 -15 to -10.1 |||| || 7 -10.1 to -5.2 |||| 5 -5.2 to -0.3 |||| 4 -0.3 to -4.6 |||| |||| |||| || 17 Total=35

Q21. The blood groups of 30 students of class VIII are recorded as follows:

A, B, O, O, AB, O, A, O, B, A, O, B, A, O, O, A, AB, O, A, A, O, O, AB, B, A, O, B, A, B, O

Represent this data in the form of a frequency distribution table .Find out which is the most common and which is the most rarest blood group among these students.

Solution 21:

Here 9 students have blood group A,6 as B,3 as AB and 12 as O

So the table representing the data is as follows:

 Blood group Number of students A 9 B 6 AB 3 O 12 Total 30

As 12 students have their blood group O and 3 students have their blood group as AB. Therefore the most common blood group is O and the rarest blood group is AB.

Q22. Three coins were tossed 30 times. Each time the number of heads occurring was noted down as follows:

0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 3, 0

1, 3, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1

3, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 0

Prepare a frequency distribution table for the data given above.

Solution 22:

By observing the data given above , the following frequency table can be constructed:

 Number of heads Frequency 0 6 1 10 2 9 3 5 Total 30

Q23. Thirty children were asked about the number of hours they watched TV programes in the previous week. The results were found as follows:

1, 6, 2, 3, 5, 12, 5, 8, 4, 8

10, 3, 4, 12, 2, 8, 15, 1, 17, 6

3, 2, 8, 5, 9, 6, 8, 7, 14, 2.

(i)Make a frequency distribution table for this data , taking class width 5 and one of the class intervals as 5-10.

(ii)How many children watched television for 15 or more hours a week.

Solution 23:

(i) Class intervals will be 0-5, 5-10, 10-15 …

The grouped frequency distribution table is as follows:

 Hours Number of children 0-5 10 5-10 13 10-15 5 15-20 2 Total 30

(ii) The number of children who watched TV for 15 or more hours a week is 2(i.e number of children in class interval 15-20).