RD Sharma Solutions Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 Rationalisation

In Class 9, Rationalisation is one of the most important chapters. RD Sharma solutions for class 9 Chapter 3 is about different algebraic identities and rationalisation of the denominator. A rationalisation is a process by which radicals in the denominator of a fraction are eliminated. In this chapter, students will learn to simplify algebraic expressions using identities. Students are advised to memorize all the identities before they attempt any rationalisation question. To download pdf of chapter 3 click on the below link.

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Exercise 3.1

Question 1: Simplify each of the following:

Solution:

(i)

(ii)

Question 2: Simplify the following expressions:

(i) (4 + √7) (3 + √2)

(ii) (3 + √3)(5- √2 )

(iii) (√5 -2)( √3 – √5)

Solution:

(i) (4 + √7) (3 + √2)

= 12 + 4√2 + 3√7 + √14

(ii) (3 + √3)(5- √2 )

= 15 – 3√2 + 5√3 – √6

(iii) (√5 -2)( √3 – √5)

= √15 – √25 – 2√3 + 2√5

= √15 – 5 – 2√3 + 2√5

Question 3: Simplify the following expressions:

(i) (11 + √11) (11 – √11)

(ii) (5 + √7) (5 –√7 )

(iii) (√8 – √2 ) (√8 + √2 )

(iv) (3 + √3) (3 – √3)

(v) (√5 – √2) (√5 + √2)

Solution:

Using Identity: (a – b)(a+b) = a² – b²

(i) (11 + √11) (11 – √11)

= 11² – (√11)²

= 121 – 11

= 110

(ii) (5 + √7) (5 –√7 )

= (5² – (√7)² )

= 25 – 7 = 18

(iii) (√8 – √2 ) (√8 + √2 )

= (√8)² – (√2 ) ²

= 8 -2

= 6

(iv) (3 + √3) (3 – √3)

= (3)² – (√3)²

= 9 – 3

= 6

(v) (√5 – √2) (√5 + √2)

=(√5)² – (√2)²

= 5 – 2

= 3

Question 4: Simplify the following expressions:

(i) (√3 + √7)²

(ii) (√5 – √3)²

(iii) (2√5 + 3√2 )²

Solution:

Using identities: (a – b)² = a² + b² – 2ab and (a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

(i) (√3 + √7)²

= (√3)² + (√7)² + 2(√3)( √7)

= 3 + 7 + 2√21

= 10 + 2√21

(ii) (√5 – √3)²

= (√5)² + (√3)² – 2(√5)( √3)

= 5 + 3 – 2√15

= 8 – 2√15

(iii) (2√5 + 3√2 )²

= (2√5)² + (3√2 )² + 2(2√5 )( 3√2)

= 20 + 18 + 12√10

= 38 + 12√10

Exercise 3.2

Question 1: Rationalise the denominators of each of the following (i – vii):

(i) 3/ √5 (ii) 3/(2 √5) (iii) 1/ √12 (iv) √2/ √5

(v) (√3 + 1)/ √2 (vi) (√2 + √5)/ √3 (vii) 3 √2/ √5

Solution:

(i) Multiply both numerator and denominator to with same number to rationalise the denominator.

= 3√5/5

(ii) Multiply both numerator and denominator to with same number to rationalise the denominator.

(iii) Multiply both numerator and denominator to with same number to rationalise the denominator.

(iv) Multiply both numerator and denominator to with same number to rationalise the denominator.

(v) Multiply both numerator and denominator to with same number to rationalise the denominator.

(vi) Multiply both numerator and denominator to with same number to rationalise the denominator.

(vii) Multiply both numerator and denominator to with same number to rationalise the denominator.

Question 2: Find the value to three places of decimals of each of the following. It is given that

√2 = 1.414, √3 = 1.732, √5 = 2.236 and √10 = 3.162

Solution:

Question 3: Express each one of the following with rational denominator:

Solution:

Using identity: (a + b) (a – b) = a² – b²

(i) Multiply and divide given number by 3−√2

(ii) Multiply and divide given number by √6 + √5

(iii) Multiply and divide given number by √41 + 5

(iv) Multiply and divide given number by 5√3 + 3√5

(v) Multiply and divide given number by 2√5 + √3

(vi) Multiply and divide given number by 2√2 + √3

(vii) Multiply and divide given number by 6 – 4√2

(viii) Multiply and divide given number by 2√5 + 3

(ix) Multiply and divide given number by √(a²+b²) – a

Question 4: Rationales the denominator and simplify:

Solution:

(i) Multiply both numerator and denominator by √3–√2 to rationalise the denominator.

(ii) Multiply both numerator and denominator by 7–4√3 to rationalise the denominator.

(iii) Multiply both numerator and denominator by 3+2√2 to rationalise the denominator.

(iv) Multiply both numerator and denominator by 3√5+2√6 to rationalise the denominator.

(v) Multiply both numerator and denominator by √48–√18 to rationalise the denominator.

(vi) Multiply both numerator and denominator by 2√2 – 3√3 to rationalise the denominator.

Exercise VSAQs

Question 1: Write the value of (2 + √3) (2 – √3).

Solution:

(2 + √3) (2 – √3)

= (2)² – (√3)²

= 4 – 3

= 1

Question 2: Write the reciprocal of 5 + √2.

Solution:

Question 3: Write the rationalisation factor of 7 – 3√5.

Solution:

Rationalisation factor of 7 – 3√5 is 7 + 3√5

Question 4: If

Find the values of x and y.

Solution:

Question 5: If x = √2 – 1, then write the value of 1/x.

Solution:

x = √2 – 1

or 1/x = 1/(√2 – 1)

Rationalising denominator, we have

= 1/(√2 – 1) x (√2 + 1)/(√2 + 1)

= (√2 + 1)/(2-1)

= √2 + 1

Question 6: Simplify

Solution:

Question 7: Simplify

Solution:

Question 8: If a = √2 +1, then find the value of a – 1/a.

Solution:

Given: a = √2 + 1

1/a = 1/(√2 + 1)

= 1/(√2 + 1) x (√2 – 1)/(√2 – 1)

= (√2 – 1)/ ((√2)² – (1)²)

= (√2 – 1)/1

= √2 – 1

Now,

a – 1/a = (√2 + 1) – (√2 – 1)

= 2

Question 9: If x = 2 + √3, find the value of x + 1/x.

Solution:

Given: x = 2 + √3

1/x = 1/(2 + √3)

= 1/(2 + √3) x (2 – √3)/(2 – √3)

= (2 – √3)/ ((2)² – (√3)²)

= (2 – √3)/(4-3)

= (2 – √3)

Now,

x + 1/x = (2 + √3) + (2 – √3)

= 4

Question 10: Write the rationalisation factor of √5 – 2.

Solution:

Rationalisation factor of √5 – 2 is √5 + 2

Question 11: If x = 3 + 2√2, then find the value of √x – 1/√x.

Solution:

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 Rationalisation

In the 3rd chapter of Class 9 RD Sharma Solutions students will study important concepts on Exponents of Real Numbers as listed below:

• Rationalisation Introduction
• Rationalisation of the denominator
• Some important algebraic identities